怎样在大学减少压力英语作文【一】
yesterday i read a book the name of the book is《dr bethune》.
dr bethune was a famous doctor from canada. in 1938 he came to china. at that time china was at war with japan. he worked as a doctor in the chinese army and saved many soldiers’ lives. he worked very hard and became sick. dr bethune died in 1939. he was only 49 years old. he was a good man and we remember him today.
i think the book is very very good!
written by wu qingxiang
mar. 31
how to do research
——reading after a science paper
these days i am busy preparing my dissertation which is about web usage mining . i read some english papers and learnt much from them . and now i want to say something about a paper titled “web usage mining：discovery and applications of usage patterns from web data”.
this is the first english paper i read about dissertation and gave me great help .
this paper is a review about web usage mining. it introduced web usage mining in detail . although it is a little old for it was published in its contents are very useful today . it is organized according to the sequence of web usage mining and the six main parts are introduction which tells me what is web usage mining the sources and abstraction of web data the three steps of web usage mining taxonomy and project survey websift overview privacy issues . the third and fourth parts are most important . it had a list of existing project about web usage mining which i saw many times in other papers but this paper is the one creating this list . besides it has been referred for more then twenty times . as we all know that the higher the referred number is the more important the paper is so i consider this paper to be an important and successful one in this region.
in my opinion the success of this paper dues to three reasons . the first reason is the profound computer knowledge owned by the authors . web usage mining relates to many subjects such as artificial intelligence ontology semantic analysis but the most basic knowledge is computer science . the four authors are all professors of department of computer science and engineering in university of minnesota . for myself i am not major in computer science and i am not very good at computers so i feel a little difficult to understand technologies used in this region.
second they had read a large number of papers before they wrote this paper . there are fifty nine references listed after main contents . “stand on the shoulders of giants” this sentence tell us a truth : one can never successful all by oneself . and what’s more learn from others can save a lot of time and energy especially for us new learner . how to learn from others is a skill all of us should master but learning doesn’t mean copy or plagiary . other people’s knowledge and production is just our foundation upon this foundation we must have our own thoughts and creation. there are many remarks in this paper where referred other’s production.
third the authors had the experience of developing a web usage mining project . they don’t just engage in idle theorizing so their comprehension on this issue is greatly profound. they know what we may meet in a real project development and they know how to resolve them . after reading this paper i also read some other papers written in chinese . some of them are not based on real project and can not give useful resolution . websift is the name of system they developed which can be used to data mining and analysis .
i wrote this article not only because it gave me much help in preparing my dissertation but also because it tells me how to study and how to do research . honesty and preciseness are two essential making a researcher must have . hard-working is the necessary condition leading to success . this is just the beginning of my dissertation i should learn from these four authors both their knowledge and their attitude to study.
怎样在大学减少压力英语作文【二】
是写信人对收信人的称呼用语。位置在信内地址下方一、二行的地方，从该行的顶格写起，在称呼后面一般用逗号(英国式，也可以用冒号(美国式。
(1写给亲人、亲戚和关系密切的朋友时，用dear或my dear再加上表示亲属关系的称呼或直称其名(这里指名字，不是姓氏。例如：my dear father，dear tom等。
(2写给公务上的信函用dear madam，dear sir或gentleman(gentlemen。注意：dear纯属公务上往来的客气形式。gentlemen总是以复数形式出现，前不加dear，是dear sir的复数形式。
(3写给收信人的信，也可用头衔、职位、职称、学位等再加姓氏或姓氏和名字。例如：dear prof. tim scales, dear dr.john smith。
怎样在大学减少压力英语作文【三】
先明确一下读书笔记的原则：
1. 不要为了做笔记而做笔记。笔记是帮助构建知识体系的工具。笔记代替不了思考，只能作为思考的补充。
2. 做了笔记，要多看，否则，毫无作用。
3. 不要依赖笔记。笔记的作用就是让你不再需要笔记。
再说一下读书笔记的几个误区：
1. 笔记就是摘抄
摘抄是最没效率的方法。如果需要记录大段的原文以供引用，请拍照。这就是数码时代的便利。
2. 笔记就是给一本书画大纲
这同样是效率极低的方法。一本书的内容，不可能全部都使你感兴趣，能纳入你的知识体系。而且，仅仅因为“这本书里有这样的内容”，就记下自己不喜欢也不需要的东西，会影响做笔记的积极性。
3. 笔记要保存起来，时时翻看
前期确实如此，但如果一本笔记做了几年，当你需要时，还得翻开笔记去查——那这笔记做了有什么用？你的知识是储存在大脑里的，不是储存在笔记里的。笔记只有两种：一种是原文，以备查询（拍照或者用电脑录入即可）；一种是思维架构，帮助完善知识体系，用完就可以丢弃。
说说我的笔记方法。
当你看一本书，读罢一章，觉得信息量巨大，醍醐灌顶，拍案叫绝，恨不得马上把这一章画大纲、抄下来——这时，先别忙着这样做。
先问自己：这一章里面，感兴趣的是哪些？有哪些能纳入自己的知识体系之中？
比如，读古希腊史，你也许不会对克里特宫殿里有什么器皿、迈锡尼人驯养了什么家畜、伊奥尼亚人种植了什么作物感兴趣，你比较感兴趣的是：希波战争的整个过程。它是如何发生的？双方的实力对比如何？有哪些经典的小战役？
那么，带着这个问题，再读一遍，其他无关的信息，不要理会。
读的时候，看到任何一个不懂的词、不清楚的概念，立刻上网查，务必弄明白。
当你把这个过程梳理清楚了，好，眼睛离开书。现在，请你在心中想象一个听众，用你的话把这个知识点解释给他听。
说的过程中，遇到任何不清楚的地方，停下来，上网查，马上弄明白。
等你可以流畅地把“希波战争发生的全过程”解释清楚了，打开笔记本，在本子上记下要点。这些要点，就是你在叙述时，那些比较重要的节点，那些“牵一发而动全身”的点。
下一步，请你思考，这个东西，可以跟知识体系中的.什么联系起来？
你通过这个知识点，可以联想到什么你已经知道了的东西？
以这个点为圆心，把它们记在它的周围。
这就是你关于这个知识点的图式。
好了，这个知识点已经告一段落，请在笔记下面标明日期、书名、页码，然后就可以翻开下一章了。
接下来，只需要每周一次，或者几天一次，翻开这几天做的笔记，根据自己记下的图式，将这个知识点完完整整地回忆出来。
然后，根据周围的联系元素，将它在你整个知识图式中过一遍。
直到你对这个点已经烂熟于心，这则笔记也就完成它的使命了。
文/杨绛（注：钱钟书夫人）
许多人说，钱钟书记忆力特强，过目不忘。他本人却并不以为自己有那么“神”。他只是好读书，肯下功夫，不仅读，还做笔记；不仅读一遍两遍，还会读三遍四遍，笔记上不断地添补。所以他读的书虽然很多，也不易遗忘。
他做笔记的习惯是在牛津大学图书馆（Bodleian他译为饱蠹楼）读书时养成的。因为饱蠹楼的图书向例不外借。到那里去读书，只准携带笔记本和铅笔，书上不准留下任何痕迹，只能边读边记。钟书的“饱蠹楼书记”第一册上写着如下几句：“廿五年（一九三六年）二月起，与绛约间日赴大学图书馆读书，各携笔札，露钞雪纂、聊补三箧之无，铁画银钩，虚说千毫之秃，是为引。”第二册有题辞如下：“心如椰子纳群书，金匮青箱总不如，提要勾玄留指爪，忘筌他日并无鱼。（默存题，季康以狼鸡杂毫笔书于灯下）”这都是用毛笔写的，显然不是在饱蠹楼边读边记，而是经过反刍，然后写成的笔记。
做笔记很费时间。钟书做一遍笔记的时间，约莫是读这本书的一倍。他说，一本书，第二遍再读，总会发现读第一遍时会有很多疏忽。最精彩的句子，要读几遍之后才发现。
钟书读书做笔记成了习惯。但养成这习惯，也因为我们多年来没个安顿的居处，没地方藏书。他爱买书，新书的来源也很多，不过多数的书是从各图书馆借的。他读完并做完笔记，就把借来的书还掉，自己的书往往随手送人了。钟书深谙“书非借不能读也”的道理，有书就赶紧读，读完总做笔记。无数的书在我家流进流出，存留的只是笔记，所以我家没有大量藏书。
钟书的笔记从国外到国内，从上海到北京，从一个宿舍到另一个宿舍，从铁箱、木箱、纸箱，以至麻袋、枕套里出出进进，几经折磨，有部分笔记本已字迹模糊，纸张破损。钟书每天总爱翻阅一两册中文或外文笔记，常把精彩的片段读给我听。我曾想为他补裰破旧笔记，他却阻止了我。他说：“有些都没用了。”哪些没用了呢？对谁都没用了吗？我当时没问，以后也没想到问。
钟书去世后，我找出大量笔记，经反复整理，分出三类。
第一类是外文笔记（外文包括英、法、德、意、西班牙、拉丁文）。除了极小部分是钟书用两个指头在打字机上打的，其余全是手抄。笔记上还记有书目和重要的版本以及原文的页数。他读书也不忽略学术刊物。凡是著名作家有关文学、哲学、政治的重要论文，他读后都做笔记，并记下刊物出版的年、月、日。钟书自从摆脱了读学位的羁束，就肆意读书。英国文学，在他已有些基础。他又循序攻读法国文学，从十五世纪到十九世纪而二十世纪；也同样攻读德国文学、意大利文学的历代重要作品，一部一部细读，并勤勤谨谨地做笔记。这样，他又为自己打下了法、德、意大利的文学基础。以后，他就随遇而读。他的笔记，常前后互相引证参考，所以这些笔记本很难编排。而且我又不懂德文、意大利文和拉丁文。恰逢翻译《围城》的德国汉学家莫宜佳博士（ProfessorDr.MonikaMotsch）来北京。我就请她帮我编排。她看到目录和片断内容，“馋”得下一年暑假借机会又到北京来，帮我编排了全部外文笔记。笔记本共一百七十八册，还有打字稿若干页，全部外文笔记共三万四千多页。
钟书在国内外大学攻读外国文学，在大学教书也教外国文学，“院系调整”后，他也是属于文学研究所外国文学组的。但他多年被派去做别的工作，以后又借调中国古典文学组，始终未能回外文组工作。他原先打算用英文写一部论外国文学的著作，也始终未能如愿。那些外文笔记，对他来说，该是“没用了”。但是对于学习外国文学的人，对于研究钱钟书著作的人，能是没用吗？
第二是中文笔记。他开始把中文的读书笔记和混在一起。一九五二年知识分子第一次受“思想改造”时，他风闻学生可检查“老先生”的日记。日记属私人私事，不宜和学术性的笔记混在一起。他用小剪子把日记部分剪掉毁了。这部分笔记支离破碎，而且都散乱了，整理很费功夫。他这些笔记，都附带自己的议论，亦常常前后参考、互相引证。以后的笔记他都亲自记下书目，也偶有少许批语。中文笔记和外文笔记的数量，大致不相上下。
第三类是“日札”钟书的读书心得。日札想是“思想改造”运动之后开始的。最初的本子上还有涂抹和剪残处。以后他就为日札题上各种名称，如“容安馆日札”、“容安室日札”、“容安斋日札”；署名也多种多样，如“容安馆主”、“容安斋居士”、“槐聚居士”等等；还郑重其事，盖上各式图章。我先还分门别类，后来才明白，这些“馆”、“斋”、“室”等，只是一九五三年“院系调整”后，我家居住的中关园小平房（引用陶渊明《归去来辞》“审容膝之易安”）。以后屡次迁居，在钟书都是“容膝易安”的住所，所以日札的名称一直没改。
日札共二十三册、二千多页，分八百零二则。每一则只有数目，没有篇目。日札基本上是用中文写的，杂有大量外文，有时连着几则都是外文。不论古今中外，从博雅精深的历代经典名著，到通俗的小说院本，以至村谣俚语，他都互相参考引证，融会贯通，而心有所得，但这点“心得”还待写成文章，才能成为他的著作。《管锥编》里，在在都是日札里的心得，经发挥充实而写成的文章。例如：《管锥编。楚辞洪兴祖补注》十八则，共九十五页，而日札里读《楚辞》的笔记一则，只疏疏朗朗记了十六页；《管锥编。周易正义》二十七则，共一百零九页，而日札里读《周易》的笔记，只有一则，不足十二页；《管锥编。毛诗正义》六十则，共一百九十四页，而日札里读《毛诗》的笔记二则，不足十七页。
钟书在《管锥编》的序文中说：“……遂料简其较易理董者，锥指管窥，先成一辑”、 “初计此辑尚有《全唐文》等书五种，而多病意懒，不能急就。”读《全唐文》等书的心得，日札里都有。他曾对我说：“我至少还想写一篇《韩愈》、一篇《杜甫》。”这两篇，想是“不易理董者”，再加“多病意懒”，都没有写出来。日札里的心得，没有写成文章的还不少呢。
这大量的中、外文笔记和读书心得，钟书都“没用了”。但是他一生孜孜石乞石乞积聚的知识，对于研究他学问和研究中外文化的人，总该是一份有用的遗产。我应当尽我所能，为有志读书求知者，把钟书留下的笔记和日札妥为保存。
感谢商务印书馆愿将钱钟书的全部手稿扫描印行，保留着手稿原貌，公之于众。我相信公之于众是最妥善的保存。但愿我这办法，“死者如生，生者无愧”。
杨绛敬序 二零零一年五月四日
怎样在大学减少压力英语作文【四】
如果信件里面有附件，可在信纸的左下角，注上encl：或enc：，例如：encl：2 photos(内附两张照片。如果福建附件不止一项，应写成encl：或encs。
我们有时可看到在称呼与正文之间有re：或subject：(事由字样。一般在信纸的中间，也可与“称呼”对齐。还应在底下加横线，以引起读信人的注意，使收信人便于在读信之前就可了解信中的主要内容。事由一般在公务信函中使用，也可以省略。
怎样在大学减少压力英语作文【五】
《notre dame cathedral》 is one known far and wide romantic faction strength which victor hugo writes . i take advantage of this summer vacation free time, read this great work.
notre dame cathedral's story, actually was one at that time social epic poem, since brimmed with really. friendly. beautiful, also the flow selfish desire and is false. regardless of is good beautiful asmelada ,or has the ugly semblance, cacimodo with one pure mind, they represent the great amount the lower level populace which suppresses; perhaps is sinister coloud, he is appears by the theocracy face, all load bearing one kind of author's ponder.the author in this work, for with the clown, was beautifully friendly and wickedly does the best annotation, or take above three people as the example, the rebel asmelada has the beautiful semblance and the chaste good mind, as well as pitiful destiny, but cacimodo, he withstood destiny deceive nicely, the innermost feelings is his misery is graver, but coloud maintained the benighted social rights and interests, he had brutally. void mind and evil passion. good person physique hateful, but the evil person actually says the appearance shore however, bright set off, social unfair manifest.
but the article result also is when the opposition society until criticism: all beautiful is good all swallows by the might and the evil, the lower level people's weak strength in under the king power rule, in the benighted society, only can be reduced to ashes. was palatial notre dame cathedral, how many world tragedy testimony once, in hugo the novel, he as if had the life breath, he sheltered asmelada ,exposed coloud the crime, regret the populace attack the magnificent feat which dark actually heroically devoted...
another the question which is worth pondering is: who is the hero? asmelada or cacimodo? i think all is not, but is in the article by the louis 11 rank smell of blood suppression rather for sacreficed the populace gate, asmelada with cacimodo is not in them the representative, asmelada is loves with the beautiful symbol, cacimodo not many represents is unfortunate and the pain. but they, all suffer a tragic middle ages ignorant evil forces devastate, one each one painful soul is bleeding, flows the tear. merely is notre dame cathedral's above engraves " the destiny "? they are in middle ages france, despotism sacrificial victim.
the entire story rich tragic color, the plot intense is moving, exciting. author hugo through " notre dame cathedral " this story, but also disclosed at that time the dark society's essence to the people. this fascinating story likes that ccimodo clocks sound equally shocks several generation of readers' minds.
怎样在大学减少压力英语作文【六】
i have never been to troy, but david maule made me feel as if i were standing on the high wall of troy, watching the fierce war. thanks to this british author, who adapted the famous homer’s poem into a lively story, i found it easier to understand this story. though the story happened over 3000 years ago in a remote place, i was deeply fascinated by it.
the mysterious plot is one of the reasons why i loved the story of troy so much, yet i am more interested in the human heroes of the war.
hector was the eldest son of king of troy, priam. he was not only a real hero of trojan, but was regarded the highest moral hero in greek classic by later historians. the war started because of the mischief of his brother, paris, whom he didn’t appreciate. however, since hector was the commander of the trojan army, he was obliged to fight with all force. it was really a tragedy that such a valiant man died in the duel with another great warrior, achilles.
it is natural to see death in a war. as a famous chinese parable says, “a life can be as slight as a piece of feather, or as weighty as mount tai.” sometimes, one’s glory walks hand in hand with one’s doom. achilles was such a typical person. his personal charm made the story of troy more attractive. he was so crucial because his every appearance in a war encouraged his fellow soldiers and terrified the enemies. actually, achilles was half-god who was almost invincible in people’s mind. that’s why his name was memorized long after his death.
besides the two great men, the wisdom of odysseus also proved him to be a great hero. he didn’t want to attend the war because he was happily married and had a lovely son. however, since his country was allied to mycenae, he had to take the command given by the king of mycenae. i’m quite sure that the story of the wooden horse is widely known, however, few people know who thought of the brilliant idea, that’s why i admired odysseus so much because he was the person who got the idea. thanks to the horse, the ten-year war came to an end at last. if you want to know how the wooden horse worked, just read the book.
the ancient greeks believed that the gods and goddesses also played important roles in the origin, process and ending of the whole story.
the story of the golden apple was such an example. when eris, the goddess of argument and disagreement, threw out the golden apple to a wedding ceremony on mount olympus, a dispute happened. hera, the queen of gods, athena, the goddess of wisdom, and aphrodite, the goddess of love and beauty, were all involved in the argument for the apple. none of them was willing to give way, so they turned to paris for a final judgment. tempted by aphrodite’s beauty and promise, paris handed the apple to her. to keep her word, aphrodite helped him to get helen, the most beautiful woman in the world, as his wife. that was the cause of the war.
paris’s choice obviously annoyed the other two goddesses. so during the war, they helped the greek alliance army while some other gods, such as apollo and aphrodite, guarded troy. when paris dueled with helen’s former husband menelaus, aphrodite saved paris when he was about to be finished off.
after the duel between those two people, there was a truce between the greek alliance and troy. however, both hera and athena were not happy to see it. hera pursued her husband zeus:“ now, will you send athena to make the troyjans break the peace?”(page 22 then with zeus’s permission, athena went down to start the war again and finally she brought the greeks to success.
from the whole story, we can see that in ancient greeks’ view, gods sometimes played a much more important role in their life. however, with the rapid development of science, we have learned that the greek gods never existed. this is why a recent movie of troy has not mentioned a single god. everything happened due to men’s ambition, love, loyalty or jealousy. with those emotion and people’s effort, we human beings can accomplish wonders and be master of the world.
god are of less importance than they used to be. nonetheless, the gods and goddesses made the story of troy more mysterious and marvelous.
i have learnt from the book more than the wonderful story of history, love and war. i believe that human can determine their destiny by their own. i highly recommend this book to my friends.
怎样在大学减少压力英语作文【七】
其中在一般的社交信中，信内收信人的地址通常省略，但是在公务信函中不能。将收信人的姓名、地址等写在信头日期下方的左角上，要求与对信头的要求一样，不必再写日期。例如：
