1982年,他终于流出大山,进入陕西省作家协会工作。1992年,正是由于农村生活的积累,使他写出了大气磅礴、颇具史诗感的《白鹿原》。他就是实。后来有人问他:“怎样面对困难与挫折?”老先生淡淡地说:“像水一样流淌。”像水一样流淌,这是岁月积淀的智慧。遇见困难,努力了,无法消灭它,不如像流水一样,在大山旁边寻找较低处突围,依山而行。只要我们不忘努力,不断奔突,也一样能够走出困境,到达远方,实现梦想。
1.淳于髡貌寝志学成辩才 (自信,自强,志学,不可以貌取人,得失)
2,越勾践三千甲败吴 (这个比较通俗,雄心壮志,自强,不畏难,吃苦,抱负远大,以少胜多,不可轻敌(反面来写) 得失)
3,齐宣不疑七人荐 (信任,自信,果敢)
4,端木赐(子贡)纵横七家,存鲁,灭吴,强晋,霸越,乱齐,十年天下局生变。 (辩才,利益,自信,能力,手段,危机,联合)
5,汪曾祺一世悠然不染尘 (宁静淡泊,不喜尘俗,如同林逋)
6,胡适之贤母教习 (女子贤惠才能,环境影响)
7,罗斯福决然新政,邓总理天策改革
8,董仲舒三年不窥园 (好学,专注,毅力,抱负)
9,阮嗣宗(阮籍)竹林七贤话流觞。 (同 陶渊明)
还有一些只有古书上才有记载,网上找不到的,这些要是符合心意,就拿去用吧,不满意我可以再更改的!!
2、坚守你的高贵
300多年前,建筑设计师克里斯托莱伊恩受命设计了英国温泽市的政府大厅。他运用式程力学的知识,依据自己多年的实践,巧妙地设计了只用一根柱子支撑的大厅天花板。一年以后,市政府权威人士进行工程验收时,却说只用一根柱子支撑天花板太危险,要求莱伊恩再多加几根柱子。
莱伊恩自信只要一根坚固的柱子足以保证大厅安全,并列举了相关的实例,他拒绝接受工程验收者的建议。但他的“固执”惹恼了市政官员,险些被送上法庭。莱伊恩非常苦恼:坚持自己原先的主张吧,市政官员肯定会另找人修改设计;不坚持吧,又有悖自己为人的准则。矛盾了很长一段时间,莱伊恩终于想出了一条妙计:他在大厅里增加了四根柱子,不过这些柱子并未与天花板接触,只不过是装装样子糊弄那些愚昧无知却又刚愎自用的市政官员。
300多年过去了,市政官员换了一任又一任,但这个秘密始终没有被人发现。直到前两年,市政府准备修缮大厅的天花板,才发现莱伊恩当年的“弄虚作假”。
消息传出后,世界各国的建筑专家和游客云集该市,他们把这个市政大厅称作是“嘲笑无知的建筑”。当地政府对此也不加掩饰,在新世纪到来之际,特意将大厅作为一个旅游景点对外开放,旨在引导人们崇尚和相信科学。
感悟:能够坚持自己的原则而又不违背政府的规定,这正是为人处世的至高境界。
贝多芬DD我要扼住命运的`咽喉
贝多芬是众所周知的世界著名作曲家。1796年,贝多芬才26岁,就创作了最初3首奏鸣曲。可是痛苦向他扣门了,由于治疗不善,他的耳咽管炎转为慢性中耳炎,听觉越来越衰退。1820年,他的两耳完全失聪,这对听觉要求比别人更完善的作曲家来说,是个多么大的打击啊!
贝多芬没有屈服。他说:“我要扼住命运的咽喉。”为了克服失聪的困难,他就坐在乐队近旁,看乐器演奏和演员歌唱。到了晚年,这个办法也不顶用了。他就用一支小木杆,一端插在钢琴箱里,一端咬在牙齿中间,在作曲时用来“听”音。他一生给人类留下了9部交响曲、32首钢琴奏鸣曲、5部钢琴协奏曲、1部小提琴协奏曲、16部弦乐四重奏等等,为人类创造了巨大的精神财富。
感悟:人是哭着来到这个世界的,这仿佛注定了在今后的生活道路上将遭遇各种困难和折磨。如果比一味追求顺境,就会失去战胜困难的勇气和力量。生长在温室里的花朵是无法抵挡外面的风风雨雨的。还是巴尔这扎克说得好:“苦难对于天才是一块垫脚石,对能***人是一笔财富,对弱者是一个万丈深渊。
没有屈服。他说:“我要扼住命运的咽喉。”为了克服失聪的困难,他就坐在乐队近旁,看乐器演奏和演员歌唱。到了晚年,这个办法也不顶用了。他就用一支小木杆,一端插在钢琴箱里,一端咬在牙齿中间,在作曲时用来“听”音。他一生给人类留下了9部交响曲、32首钢琴奏鸣曲、5部钢琴协奏曲、1部小提琴协奏曲、16部弦乐四重奏等等,为人类创造了巨大的精神财富。
感悟:生长在温室里的花朵是无法抵挡外面的风风雨雨的。还是巴尔这扎克说得好:“苦难对于天才是一块垫脚石,对能***人是一笔财富,对弱者是一个万丈深渊。
1. Nancy is too young to dress herself.
Nancy is not _____ _____ to dress herself.
2. My watch doesn't work well.
There is ____ _____ _______ my watch.
3. Jane doesn't go to work by bus any longer.
Jane ____ _____ _____ to work by bus.
4. It took Mary two weeks to prepare for the exam.
Mary _____two weeks____ ______ for the exam.
5. It seems that they have known each other.
They seem to _____ _____ each other.
6. "My grandpa doesn't like coffee or coke" said Bob
Bob said that _____grandpa liked _____coffee _____coke.
7. Cao Fei joined the League three years ago.
Cao Fei _____ ____ _____ the League for three years.
8. I prefer walking there to going by bus.
I prefer to walk there ____ _____ going by bus.
9. -Thank you very much. -You're welcome.
- ____ a lot. -Not at____ .
10. Kitty does well in English.
Kitty ____ ____ ____ English.
11. They realized Hainan was a beautiful place after they reached there.
They____ realize Hainan was a beautiful place_____ they reached there.
12. We will have to finish the work hardly if you don't help us. We can't finish the work _____ _____ ______
13. My dictionary isn't so thick as yours.
My dictionary is _____ than yours.
14. Could you tell me where the East Street Hospital is? Excuse me, ____ is the _____ to the East Street Hospital?
15. The book is exciting to read.
It is ____ _____ read the book.
16. Jack's mother asked him, "Have you packed your things?" Jack's mother asked him ____ he ____ packed his things.
17. She likes singing better than dancing. She ____ singing ____ dancing.
18. Remember to ring me up as soon as you get to Nanjing Make ____ to give me a ring as soon as you _____ Nanjing.
19. They couldn't catch the train because of the heavy traffic. The heital?
15. The book is exciting to read.
It is ____ _____ read the book.
16. Jack's mother asked him, "Have you packed your things?" Jack's mother asked him ____ he ____ packed his things.
17. She likes singing better than dancing. She ____ singing ____ dancing.
18. Remember to ring me up as soon as you get to Nanjing Make ____ to give me a ring as soon as you _____ Nanjing.
19. They couldn't catch the train because of the heavy traffic. The heavy traffic _____ them from _____ the train.
20. My brother has been away from home for two days.
My brother _____ home two days _____ .
21. Li Lei decided to move to Canada when he was thirty.
Li Lei made a _____ to move to Canada at the _____ of thirty.
22. Jim was too careless to pass the exam last term.
Jim was not_____ _____ to pass the exam last term.
23. If you don't hurry up, you can't catch the train.
Hurry up, _____ you may _____ the train.
24. Yang Li wei said to us, "I'm going to visit your school tomorrow. " We were all pleased.
We were all pleased when we heard Yang Li wei_____ visit_____ school the next day.
25. This is the most interesting film I have ever seen. I have ____seen _____ an interesting film before.
26. I was late for school because of the traffic accident. The traffic accident _____ me _____ getting to school on time.
马克吐温作为职业作家和演说家,在文学领域和演说领域都取得了极大的成功,成为世界范围内受人尊敬的文学家和演说大师。但是,他在选择文学和演说之前,曾经试图成为一名商人。他先是投资开发打印机,花费了整整3年的时间,最后把千辛万苦借来的5万美元全部赔光了。他又发现出版商因为发行他的著作赚了大钱,他很不服气,心想:我自己写了文章自己出版发行,所有的利润不都是自己的吗,为何不自己开一个出版公司呢?他于是又投资开了一家出版公司。但是,他不知道,写作与经商是截然不同的两件事,他很快就因为债务陷入了困境,出版公司***了,他也陷入了更大的债务危机之中。经过两次经商失败的打击,马克吐温终于认识到自己经商的无能,他彻底断绝了经商的念头,开始到全国巡回演讲,在演讲的间隙里埋头写作。很快,风趣幽默的马克吐温名声大噪,成为全国知名的演说家,他脍炙人口的作品也迅速走红。
温馨提示:美国政治家富兰克林说:“宝贝放错了地方就是废物。”尺有所短,寸有所长。你也许兴趣广泛,掌握了多种技能,但是,在所有的长处中,总是有你的强项。成功者的原则是:去选择最能够使自己全力以赴的、最能够使自己的品格和长处得以充分发挥的职业。因为唯有充分利用自己的长处,才能够让自己的人生增值;相反,你总是选择自己的短处,你的人生就只能贬值。此则素材可用来应对“完美”、“长与短”、“成功”、“追求”、“奔跑”和“发现自己”等。
按要求改写句子知识点梳理
一、概述
按要求改写句子主要考查学生对句子结构的掌握以及用不同句型表达同一意思的能力。考查所涉及到的句子类型有一般疑问句、否定句、反意疑问句、选择疑问句、对划线部分提问、感叹句、保持原句意思、合并成一句、简单句和复合句之间的互换以及改为被动语态等。
二、解题时需注意的几个要点
1、时态:不同的时态相对应的助动词
一般现在时:谓语动词用原形(主语为第三人称单数时,动词加s或es,变否定句、疑问句时助动词为do或does)
一般过去时:谓语动词用过去式,变否定句、疑问句时助动词为did.
现在完成时:助动词have/has+动词的过去分词
过去完成时:助动词had+动词的过去分词
一般将来时:will/be going to +动词原形
过去将来时:would/was or were going to +动词原形
现在进行时:am/is/are+动词的现在分词
过去进行时:was/were+动词的现在分词
2、语态:主动语态变为被动语态的谓语结构
一般现在时:am/is/are+动词的过去分词
一般过去时:was/were+动词的过去分词
一般将来时:will be+动词的过去分词
情态动词:can/may/must/need等情态动词+be++动词的过去分词
3、改反意疑问句时注意hardly, never, seldom, few, little, no等词表达的是否定意义,变反意疑问句时用肯定形式。
4、在合并句子时,有些连词如not only…but also…, neither…nor…, either…or…是就近原则,连接两个主语时动词形式取决于与动词邻近的主语。而both…and…连接两个主语时,主语是复数。
5、简单句和复合句之间的互换常见的有:带有疑问词的宾语从句改为特殊疑问词+to+动词原形的不定式;结果状语从句so…that…改为enough to或too…to…的简单句。
6、保持原句意思改写句子时注意时态不变。
三、习题
练习一
1. We do our homework every evening. (改为否定句)
We _________ ________ our homework every evening. 对划线部分提问
________ ________ do they have a class meeting?
3. She could hardly understand this passage. (改为反意疑问句
She could hardly understand this passage, _________ __________?
4.The manager told him how to get useful information. (改为否定句
The manager _________ _________ him how to get useful information.
5. Tom’s sister can speak English and Japanese very well. (改为反意疑问句
Tom’s sister can speak English and Japanese very well, _________ _________?
对划线部分提问
_________ _________ he live twenty years ago?
7. Sam does some cleaning in the morning. (改为否定句
Sam _________ do _________ cleaning in the morning.
对划线部分提问
_________ _________ have the students worked on the survey?
9. Your father used to ride a bike. (改成反意问句)
Your father used to ride a bike, _______ ________? (对划线提问)
__________ ___________ the population of Germany?
11. Mr. Wang washes his car once a month. (改为一般疑问句)
Mr. Wang (对划线部分提问
will Susan come back from Athens?
13. My friends lost their way when they were traveling in Hong Kong. (改为一般疑问句
________ your friends ________ their way when they were traveling in Hong Kong?
14. 对划线部分提问
________ ________ has Yao Ming been in the Rocket Team?
15. She put the digital camera on the bed just now. (改为否定句
She _________ _________ the digital camera on the bed just now.
16. Mark's flown to Hainan Island for winter holidays. (改为反意疑问句
Mark's flown to Hainan Island for winter holidays, _________ _________?
(专辑. (划线部分提问
_________ did Super Girl Zhou Bichang _________ to Vienna?
18. I’ve already saved enough money to buy a new car. (改为否定句
I ________ saved enough money to buy a car ________.
19. Lily used to have long straight hair. (改为反意疑问句
Lily used to have long straight hair, ________ ________?
20. He has already been there .(改为一般疑问句
__________ he been there __________?
21.They decided that they wouldn't have the picnic because of the bad weather. (改为简单句
They decided __________ _________ have the picnic because of the bad
weather.
22. The English people hardly ever shake hands between the strangers .( 改为反意疑问句
The English people hardly ever shake hands between the strangers, __________ __________?
23. They grew some sunflowers in their garden last year.(改为否定句)
They __________ __________ any sunflowers in their garden last year.
24. Jane drinks milk every morning.(改为一般疑问句)
_________ Jane ___________ milk every morning? (就划线部分提问)
___________ map ___________ to Class 4?
26. You can choose only one of the two: a mini-TV or a DVD player. (改为选择疑问句
you want a mini-TV a DVD player?
27. That detective film is so amazing. (改为感叹句)
___________ ___________ amazing detective film!
28. He has some money left.(改成否定句)
He money left.
29. (划线部分提问)
do the members of the film society meet?
30. His mother knew why the little boy was unhappy all day. (改为一般疑问句
_______ his mother _______ why the boy was unhappy all day?
31. He looks very funny with that hat on. (改为感叹句
_______ _______ he looks with that hat on!. 对划线部分提问
_______ _______ they build this factory?
33. I have already finished the test paper.(改为否定句)
I ________ finished the test paper ________.
34. Johnson denied cheating in the competition.(改为反意疑问句)
Johnson denied cheating in the competition, ________ ________? (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ the story need to be funny?
36. Sam does some cleaning in the morning. (改为否定句
Sam _________ do _________ cleaning in the morning.
对划线部分提问 _________ _________ have the students worked on the survey?
38. (对划线部分提问) _________ _________ has he been a top fashion designer?
39. 对划线部分提问
________ ________ will they move into the new school?
40. to go to the People’s Square by underground. (对划线部分提问
________ _______ did it take you to go to the People’s Square by underground?
练习二:
1. Gold is less valuable than diamond. (保持句意不变
Gold is ________ ________ valuable as diamond.
2. He told the children to go and watch his tank of Ghost fish. (改为被动语态 The children ________ ________ to go and watch his tank of Ghost fish.
3. Unless I have a quiet room, I cannot do any work. (保持句意不变)
I cannot do any work ________ I _________ have a quiet room.
4. The manager arrived here a few minutes ago. (保持句意不变)
The manager has _________here ________ a few minutes.
5. They will send him to work in Japan for one year. (改为被动语态
He will ________ _________ to work in Japan for one year.
6. The words on the notice board are very small. I can’t see them clearly.(保持句子原意
The words on the notice board are small I can’t see them
clearly.
7. We can solve the problems with the help of the teacher. (改为被动语态 The problems can _________ _________ with the help of the teacher.
8. We can’t finish the work in such a short time. (保持原句意思
It’s _________ _________ us to finish the work in such a short time.
9. We must keep the noise under 50 dbs.(分贝(改成被动语态)
The noise must ________ _______ under 50 dbs here.
10. Mike doesn’t like classical music. Billy doesn’t either. (合并成一句) _________ Mike nor Billy __________ classical music.
11. The room is so dirty that we can’t live in it.(保持句意不变)
The room isn’t __________ _________ for us to live in.
12. No one knows when we will start tomorrow. (保持原句意思)
No one knows start tomorrow.
13. The Smiths will invite the professor to take part in the party. (改成被动语态 to take part in the party by the Smiths.
14. If you are not brave, you’ll lose your last chance.(保持原句意思)
you are ’ll lose your last chance.
15. They store much information in the computer. (改成被动语态
Much information ________ ________ in the computer.
16. Don’t throw rubbish here and there. Our teacher said to us. (合并为一句
Our teacher told us ________ ________ throw rubbish here and there.
17. If John doesn’t apologize for what he did, I will tell the teacher about his bad behavior.
(保持原句意思)
_______ John _______ for what he did, I will tell the teacher about his bad behavior.
18. I don't know where we can grow vegetables in the city. (改为简单句 I don't know _________ _________ grow vegetables in the city.
19. People used to enjoy themselves chatting on MSN when it worked well. (保持句意基本不变
People used to _________ a lot of _________ chatting on MSN when it worked well.
20. If you don’t improve your handwriting, you will lose marks in the exam. (合成同义句
You will lose marks in the exam ________ you ________ your handwriting.
21. To go fishing is fun. (句意不变 )
_____ is fun _____ ______ fishing.
22. Dick was so short that he couldn’t touch the top of the bookshelf.(保持句意基本不变)
Dick wasn’t __________ __________ to reach the top of the bookshelf.
23. “Can I borrow your bike for a while or not?”( 保持句意基本不变)
Tom asked his sister __________ he __________ borrow her bike or not for a while.
24. The couple couldn’t decide which flat they should choose at first. (保持原句意
思)
The couple couldn’t decide which flat at first.
25. Meaningless information is difficult for the little boy to remember. (保持原句意思)
is difficult for the little boy remember meaningless information.
26. People throw away millions of plastic bags in our city every day. (改成被动语态)
Millions of plastic bags away in our city.
27. She was so careless that she couldn’t find the mistakes in her test paper. (保持句意基本不变
She was _______ _______ to find the mistakes in her test paper.
28. We will hold the next Olympic Games in Beijing in 2008.(改为被动语态)
The next Olympic Games will _______ _______ in Beijing in 2008.
29. The elderly man pushed the birds into the river.(改为被动语态)
The birds ________ ________ into the river by the elderly man.
30. Dolphins are so clever that they can follow the instructions.(保持句意基本不变) Dolphins are ________ ________ to follow the instructions.
31. We can’t finish the work in such a short time. (保持原句意思
It’s _________ _________ us to finish the work in such a short time.
32. They invited the astronaut and his wife to the party on Christmas Eve.(改为被动语态
The astronaut and his wife _________ _________ to the party on Christmas Eve.
33. The little girl didn’t go to bed unless the grandmother told her a story. (保持句意基本不变
The little girl didn’t go to bed _________ the grandmother _________ tell her a story.
34. The plane is so big that it can carry 300 passengers at one time. (改为简单句)
The plane is big _________ _________ carry 300 passengers at one time.
35. Did they know the answer to the question? Ididn’t know… (合并为一句 I didn’t know ________ they had ________ the answer to the question.
Keys
练习一
1. don’t do 2. How often 3.could she 4.didn’t tell 5.can’t she
6.where did 7.doesn’t any 8.How long 9.didn’t he 10.What is
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