【例句】
7.They have studied English for 20 years.
They began to study English 。
8.He went to the class at 9 o’clock.
He didn’t go to the class 9 o’clock.
【正确答案】7.20 years ago8.until
【规律分析】这部分要求掌握英语中一些习惯用法的表达方式。在改写句子时,要求用不同的句型或不同的词表达出相同的意思。
天气日渐热了,空气漂浮令人窒息的热气,太阳疯狂了,到处布满了金色。我趁着空闲到家后面的山里游玩乘凉。
山上满是苍翠欲滴的绿,阳光被实实在在挡在外面;我庆幸着,终于摆脱了这恼人的炎热的阳光,悠闲地坐在绿荫环绕的一座小亭子小憩。这里,空气不再是热的,这里,不是太阳的地盘;我仿佛挣脱了夏季的束缚,打开心扉地享受这来自大自然的赐予。
不经意间注意到亭子旁边,茂密的树丛,上面除去绿,还能看见另一些颜色;近点看,是淡紫色,再近点,终于看清了,那是牵牛花,它们奄奄一息,花瓣儿已经蜷缩成一团,垂着头;它们快要死了,在太阳的照射下,脆弱美丽的花可是经不起这些阳光,我不由得心生怜惜之情。
在这绿意盎然的夏,牵牛花却要死亡,结束生命,这难道不令人悲哀。可是,几天之后,天却变了。晴朗、湛蓝的天变得黑暗了。下起雨了,雷在咆哮,雨也在***;空气里弥漫着泥土的气息。日渐地雨停了,风静止了,一切都恢复了平静。天空返晴了,太阳变得温和,散着柔和的光。
我第三去了一趟小亭子,携带一本书,依然坐在那儿。令我意想不到的是,一些新奇的颜色进入我的眼睛,仔细看,那是紫色,那是重获新生的牵牛花。它们张大嘴巴似的张开了花瓣儿,挺挺的;再往后看,绿色的草丛上布满了零零星星的紫色,我看到它们张着笑脸,在欢乐的海洋里荡漾;牵牛花儿们复活了,宣告了它们对夏季的挑战,它们不会在它的打击下,同意失败。我懂了,那些紫色的意义;即便在严酷的威压下,生命的期望依然存在。
1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
4月的一天,教科学的冯老师给大家全班每人发了一颗葵花籽,让大家回家将来找个花盆种出来,观察种子成长的过程写观察日记。回家将来,我就找来一个大花盆,把葵花籽种了进来。可是一连10多天过去了,别说葵花种子发芽了,就连草都没有长出一棵来。
不懂种花的母亲说:”你天天浇那样多水,可能葵花籽已经淹死了,看到我伤心的样子,母亲就翻出大家去年采集的牵牛花的种子撒在了我的花盆里。从那将来,我也很少去管它们,这些牵牛花的生命力还真是强大啊!无论是干枯的环境还是湿润的环境它们都顽强的成长着。说来也奇怪,自从牵牛花拼命发芽疯狂向上长的时候,我的向日葵也冒出来了。它们像是在比赛似的一个劲地向上窜。后来,它们做了好朋友,牵牛花伸出无数条芊芊玉手盘在向日葵的颈上,再也分不开了。
早上母亲在阳台晾服装。我则跑到阳台帮忙。就在我向阳台角落里一瞥的刹那间,我仿佛看到一朵小喇叭对我绽开了笑脸。再仔细一看,可不是,我的牵牛花不知晓何时已经开花了。有3朵呢!在稠密的绿叶之间,3朵淡蓝色的牵牛花绽开了一个个小喇叭的形状,煞是惹人青睐。我忍不住摸摸这一朵又碰碰那一朵。爱不释手了!
中午的时候,我又去看它,却发现这3朵牵牛花睡觉啦!它们一个个收起喇叭状的花瓣,只留下一个个长约2厘米长的花梗。这是为何呢?难道它真的休眠了?我问母亲,母亲说她也不懂,让我一个人上网查查答案。
原来,牵牛花在清晨4、5点钟的时候就会开花,由于它的花又大又薄,并且花中含丰富的水分,当太阳照射到时,花里的水分慢慢就蒸发干了。花儿便凋谢了。原来它的花如此短暂。
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