具有框架结构的作文【一】
说明文有很高的科学性。它要求在说明事物时，力求正确，不夸大，不缩小，按照事物的本来面目进行反映，要实事求是，不粗枝大叶，凭想当然，瞎说一通。说明文的科学性主要体现在以下两点：
(1抓住事物的特征进行说明。事物都带有特殊性。而这种特殊的矛盾，就构成一事物区别于他事物的特殊的本领。说明文抓住事物的特殊性进行说明，才能使读者从文章里充分地、正确地了解所说明的事物;事物的特征不清楚，说得模模糊糊，就容易和其他事物相混淆。只有抓住事物的特征去说明，才能给人留下清晰的印象。
(2说明的内容要正确。即对一些尚未定论、有待研究的事物，不要轻易下绝对肯定或绝对否定的结论。要知道，读者阅读说明文是为了增长知识，如果把那种缺乏科学性的"知识"传给了读者，就会带来不良的影响。如有两家报纸，分别发表文章，谈酸菜对人体的作用，说法却完全相反。一篇文章认为，酸菜具有良好的营养价值，同时，还是良好的饿药物，可以治疗慢性并，因此主张人们多吃酸菜。另一篇文章则认为，酸菜内喊有大量的白地霉菌和亚硝酸盐，这是一种致癌物质，会直接引起肝癌、胃癌和食道癌等疾病，危害人体健康。因此，希望人们不吃酸菜。究竟是多吃酸菜好事实不吃酸菜好呢?这叫人无所适从。实际上，据有关专家分析，这两篇说明文都有一定的道理，但都有片面性，缺乏科学性。而这两篇文章的作者都忽视了这个问题，断定酸菜只有"好处"或只有"害处"是不对的。
具有框架结构的作文【二】
There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文题目_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 观点一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____.
People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that ___观点二_______. In their point of view, on the one hand， ___原因一_______. On the other hand, ____原因二_____. Therefore, there is no doubt that ___观点二______.
As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __观点一或二______. It is not only because ________, but also because _________. The more _______, the more ________.
具有框架结构的作文【三】
（1） 不同观点列举型（ 选择型 ）
There is a widespread concern over the issue that __题目_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 观点一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows： in the first place， ___原因一_______.Furthermore， in the second place， ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____.
People， however， differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that ___观点二_______. In their point of view， on the one hand， ___原因一_______. On the other hand， ____原因二_____. Therefore， there is no doubt that ___观点二______.
As far as I am concerned， I firmly support the view that __观点一或二______. It is not only because ________， but also because _________. The more _______， the more ________.
（2）利弊型的`议论文
Nowadays， there is a widespread concern over （the issue that）___作文题目
______. In fact， there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____. Generally speaking， it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly， ___优点一______. And secondly ___优点二_____.
Just As a popular saying goes， "every coin has two sides"， __讨论议题______ is no exception， and in another word， it still has negative aspects. To begin with， ___缺点一______. In addition， ____ 缺点二______.
To sum up， we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play， and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case， we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.
（3）答题性议论文
Currently， there is a widespread concern over （the issue that）__作文题目_______ .It is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result， we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.
As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem. First of all， __途径一______. In addition， anotheer way contributing to success of the solving problem is ___途径二_____.
Above all， to solve the problem of ___作文题目______， we should find a
number of various ways. But as far as I am concerned， I would prefer to solve the problem in this way， that is to say， ____方法_____.
（4） 谚语警句性议论文
It is well know to us that the proverb： " ___谚语_______" has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our study. It means ____谚语的含义_______. The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows. （ also theoretically ）
A case in point is ___例子一______. Therefore， it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb ____谚语_____.
As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __观点一或二_.
Itis not only because ________, but also because _________. The more _______, the more ________.
（2）利弊型的议论文
目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题
_____. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspJust As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides",is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with,To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of 讨论议题
into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time.
( 3 答题性议论文
Currently, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that作文题目_______ .It is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.
As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this pr______, we should find a number of various ways. But as far as I am concern
( 4 谚语警句性议论文
语 has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our stu. ( also theoretically
______. Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb ____ With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use to stick to the saying: ____谚语
_____. The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job..
★★★图表作文的框架
as is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the _____ has been on rise/ decrease (goesup/increases/drops/decreases,significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from______ in _______ to ______ in _____. From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that ________.
There are at least two good reasons accounting for ______. On the one hand, ________. On the other hand, _______ is due to the fact that ________. In addition, ________ is responsible for _______. Maybe there are some other reasons to
show ________. But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.
As far as I am concerned,
I hold the point of view that _______. I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.
具有框架结构的作文【四】
与开头一样，文章的结尾也是相当重要的。成功的结尾，能使读者更深入、更透彻地理解文章内容，进一步领会文章的.中心思想；精彩的结尾，能唤起读者的思考与共鸣，增强文章的感染力。选择结尾的方法，也必须从全局来考虑，要使记叙的事件完整清楚，使文章的结构首尾呼应，以求得更好地表达中心，达到写作的目的。下面介绍几种常用的结尾方法。
（1）自然结束法在把内容表达完了之后，自然而然地收束全文，而不去设计蕴意深刻的哲理语句，这样的结尾谓之"自然结束法"。它完全避免了文章画蛇添足、无病***的结尾毛病，显得单纯明快、朴素无华。但讲究"自然"并不意味着随心所欲，马虎草率，而是顺着文思发展的自然趋势结束全局。
（2）画龙点睛法
这种结尾方式，就是在文章结束时，以全文的内容为依托，运用简洁的语言，把主题思想明确地表达出来，或者在全文即将煞尾时，把写作意旨交待清楚，所以这种结尾方法又称"卒章显志法"。如《枣核》结尾写道："改了国籍，不等于就改了民族感情，而且没有一个民族像我们这么依恋故土的。"《记一辆纺车》结尾写道："跟困难作斗争，其乐无穷。--记一辆纺车。"
有时，用来总结全文的还可以是名言、警句或诗句，这样的结尾更是言简意赅，起到画龙点睛的作用。如《驿路梨花》的末段"我望着这群充满朝气的哈尼小姑娘和那洁白的梨花，不由得想起了一句话'驿路梨花处处开'。"
（3）抒情议论法
用抒情议论的方式收束文章，能够表达作者心中的情绪，激起读者情感的波澜，引起读者的共鸣，有着强烈的艺术感染力。抒情议论式结尾的形式是多种多样的，所以采取这种方式结尾比较自由，好的"抒情议论"式结尾必然油然而生真情，给读者以真实感、充足感。如《回忆我的母亲》结尾的两个自然段就是很典型的抒情议论式的结尾。鲁迅先生的《故乡》的结尾是最典型的例子："我想：希望是本无所谓有，无所谓无的。这正如地上的路；其实地上本没有路，走的人多了，也便成了路。"这段议论含蓄、深刻，一语双关。启发人们为创造新生活勇敢地开辟道路，使全文的思想感情得到升华。
（4）首尾呼应法
结尾与开头要相呼应，写出既呼应开头，又不简单重复的语句，这种结尾方式是各类文章极常见的收束方法。这种收束方法能唤起读者心理上的美感，产生一种首尾呼应，浑然一体的感觉。如《一件珍贵的衬衫》，开头写了"在我的家里，珍藏着一种白色的确凉衬衫。"结尾写道："四年来，这件珍贵的衬衫，我精心地收藏着，没有舍得穿它一次。"前文提到的《谁是最可爱的人》的结尾，也是与文章的开头遥相呼应的。不仅又一次回答了文首提出的"谁是我们最可爱的人呢？"这个问题，而且抒发了强烈的感情，增添了文章的感染力。
(5委婉含蓄，点化主题。有些记叙文的结尾，同时要提示读者注意了解文章的主题，但是作者不是用逻辑思维的方式和直截了当的语言告诉读者，而是用比喻、象征等形象化的方式暗示给读者。例如，杨朔的《荔枝蜜》就是如此：这黑夜，我做了奇怪的梦，梦见自己变成一只小蜜蜂。这里所说的"梦"，就是一个有象征意义的形象。常言道：日有所思，夜有所梦。人们可以通过某人的"所梦"，推断他的"所思"。因此，读者从这个梦里，可以了解到作者十分赞赏、推崇蜜蜂那种"对人无所求，给人的却是极好的东西"、"渺小""却又多么高尚"的品质，并且愿意身体力行，向蜜蜂学习的愿望。而这正是作者所要表现的主题。不过，它不由作者直截了当地说出来的，而是经过作者的"点化"，读者领悟到的。
（6）以人物描写或景物描写结尾。如《花市》结尾写："她笑微微地站在百花丛中，也像一枝花，像一枝挺秀淡雅的兰花吧。"作者用"一枝挺秀淡雅的兰花"比喻姑娘美好的心灵。
具有框架结构的作文【五】
"良好的开端是成功的一半"，一篇文章的开头是很重要的。文章有了好的开头，不仅能带动全篇，使文章顺利展开，而且能抓住读者，引人入胜。这里，向大家介绍几种记叙文常见的开头方法：
（1）交代事件基本要素的叙述法
《挥手之间》的开头，交代了事件的时间、地点："一九四五年八月二十八
日清早，从青凉山望下去，见有不少人顺着山上大路朝东门外飞机场走去。"
（2）开门见山、揭示主题的点题法
《背影》一文的开头写到："我与父亲不相见已二年多了，我最不能忘记的是他的背影。"《白杨礼赞》一文开头就说："白杨树实在是不平凡的，我赞美白杨树。"这样的开头简洁明快，直截了当，读了开头，能立刻抓住文章的中心。
（3）环境描写、渲染气氛的描写法
《驿路梨花》的开头描写了自然环境："山，好大的山啊！起伏的青色群山一座挨一座，延伸到远方，消失在迷茫的春色中。"渲染了哀牢山中深远迷茫的气氛，对后文写边疆军民助人为乐的感人事迹起了反面衬托的作用。
《多收了三五斗》描写的是社会环境："万盛米行的河埠头，横七竖八停泊着乡村里出来的敞口船。船里满载的是新米；把船身压得很低，齐着船舷的菜叶和垃圾被白腻的泡沫包围着，一漾一漾的，填没了这只船和那只船的空隙。"这段描写给人留下的印象是船多、米多，暗示了丰收的年景。而这种丰收景象与后文农民的遭遇与失望形成了鲜明的对比，揭示了主题。
（4）引人入胜的悬念法。
就是从事件过程或人物经历中截取最关键，最紧张、最能吸引读者的一个情节做为文章的开头，然后再依次记叙事件发生发展或人物行为经历的始末。
（5）有关、警句、的引用法
名言开路，就是开头先引用名言、格言或警句，用以揭示文章的主题，然后再以所引用的名言、格言、警句为中心，组织材料，展开记叙。
例如，《琐忆》一文的开头是：鲁迅先生有两句诗："横眉冷对千夫指，俯首甘子孺子牛。"这是他自己的写照，也是他作为一个伟大作家的全部人格的体现。……
这里引用的诗句，就是文章所要表现的主题。尽管文章中所记叙的都是琐细的事情，但所有的事情又能以小见大，体现诗句中的精神。
（6）表达写作目的的动机交代法
巴金的《永远不能忘记的事情》记述了各界人士悼念鲁迅的隆重场面，表达了人们对鲁迅的崇敬与怀念。文章的开头即交代了写作的动机，奠定了文章悲痛与激动的感情基调："朋友，你要我告诉你一些关于那个老人的最后的事情。我现在不想说什么话，实在我也不能够说什么。我只给你写下一些零零碎碎的事情，我永远不能忘却的事情。"交代了写作目的的开头，多见于运用倒叙的方法、回忆往事的文章。
（7）首段设问法首段设问，就是在开头提出一个问题，然后再针对问题，逐步展开记叙。例如，《谁是最可爱的人》开头三段构成一个层次，用来提出"谁是最可爱的人"这个问题，从而引出下文的记叙。运用这种技法，要注意提出的问题必须紧扣文章的题材或主题，否则，下文的记叙就无所依托了。
文章开头的写法是多种多样的，这里不过提示了其中常见的几种。在写作当中，有时并不能单一地使用某一种方法，而是几种方法兼而有之。究竟使用什么方法开头，要从文章的整体构思出发考虑，要从表现中心思想的需要出发，通篇安排整体设计，选择最恰当的开头方法。
