影响孩子控制智力的另一个因素是家长的反应。如果孩子一哭闹就能得到他想要的东西,孩子就会继续这样,形成恶性循环。反之,如果孩子哭闹的时候,家长直接压制,说,不许哭!这样无法消除孩子的消极情绪,还可能反弹个更厉害。
那么,父母怎样的反应能成功降低孩子的冲动呢?我的做法是首先描述孩子的感受,接纳他的情绪:“我知道这个娃娃很好玩,你很想要,对吧?”然后跟他强调规则:“但是这个星期你已经买了一个玩具了。我们说好了的,一个星期只买一个玩具,对不对呀?”最后提供给孩子一个替换方案:“家里的小熊跟这个娃娃一样,都是软软的,咱们回去抱小熊好不好?”家长可能有一个误区,就是以为,冲动是可以压制的。其实,冲动是无法完全压制的,但是通过给孩子替代方案,我们可以帮助孩子转一定要的冲动。
智力脑。在未来脑计划智力脑模块,本书先介绍了一般意义上提升智力的有效方法,然后分别讲述空间认知、注意力、记忆里这几种典型的智力指标,最后介绍科学思维和数学思维这两种宝宝启蒙思维方式。
the summer vacation had come round again. i was happy that i could forget about school at least for a while. lest i fool around all through this summer vacation, i made a plan as to how to spend it. first, i thought i should go over all those things my teachers taught in the previous term so that i could have a better understanding of them.
then i thought i should take up some forms of exercise, such as walking, running and rowing, to keep me physically strong. it stood to reason that with such a good plan i should make the best of my vacation time. i did, because i lived up to what i had planned.
设定期望,提醒行为。
一些所谓专制熊孩子的家长,教育孩子的做法,要么是长篇大论的说教,要么是暴力镇压孩子的行为:你再不听话我就抽你了!
这样做一般都没什么效果。正确的做法是什么呢?其实还是主张的要帮孩子把抽象的教条化传承具象的行动。指责或者打骂孩子,并不能帮助孩子认识到规则的`意义,你真正需要做的事知道他的具体行为,帮助孩子培养出规则意识。
所以,你可以再去公共场合之前给孩子打好预防针,给他设定明确的期望不断地提醒他规则是什么,还要用温和的提醒强化他的行为告诉他该怎么做。
比如去餐厅之前就清楚地跟孩子解释一下,为什么去,给一些框架性的指导,告诉他,我们今天晚上要和奶奶一起去餐厅吃饭,你可以好好的享受美食,但今天晚上不是去玩的,所以你不能乱跑或说话太大声,因为那会干扰周围的人。他们也跟你一样是去享受美食的,可不希望被人打扰。
我们知道,婴儿有所谓的陌生人焦虑,一般到八九个月大的时候,被陌生人抱会哭。这是因为孩子的大脑发育到了一定程度,他的记忆系统成熟了。当然,每个孩子出现这种情况的时间稍有差别。这种突然害怕陌生人的表现和他们大脑中的记忆系统的成熟有关,表明孩子已经有能力记住熟悉和陌生人的差别。但很多孩子到了两岁以后,还会再经历陌生人焦虑,一直到四岁左右,这种焦虑才逐渐消失。你会发现两岁以前还开朗活泼的宝宝,突然又开始怕生了。其实,你不用担心,这是他心理发展的正常过程。
summer can be very hot in southern taiwan where the temperature usually goes up to 32"c or more. because of the heat it is a trying experience to go to school or do anything else in a place that is not air-conditioned. also because of this i stay at home most of the time during the summer vacation and only occasionally go to the beach to plunge myself into the cool water as a way to keep my body less sticky.
actually i like swimming and think nothing is more refreshing than a swim. in the summer vacation that has just ended i went swimming many times with my classmates and we all had a good time. this summer vacation, however, was not spent entirely in seeking fun. as a second-year senior student i had to prepare myself for the college entrance examinations that were only a year away. in other words, i must find time to study, too.
so i divided my time between work and play during the summer vacation and derived much benefit from this arrangement.
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