暮色暗淡,残阳如血。
北方的风凛冽地刮着,刮的人生疼。一个十八岁的少女坐在河边,手里拿着最后一次的模考卷,上面的分数令她心寒。她考差了,离自己梦想的学校还差了好多,然而更令她伤心的是,她的父母非但没有安慰她,反而将她痛骂了一顿。
女孩于残阳中站了起来,她撕碎了手里的试卷,回到了家。没有人知道那个夜晚女孩想了什么、想了多久。只是看见,从那以后,女孩仿佛在书桌旁生了根。
几个月后,女孩坐在高考考场上,答完了人生最重要的几份卷。也许是好事多磨,女孩虽然比最后一次模考分数多出了很多,但是依然未能考上梦想院校,只因几分。
女孩流着泪在田野上使劲奔跑,最后累到躺倒在地。盛夏,农村的夜空被点点繁星照亮,女孩睁着流着泪的眼睛,看着热闹的夜空,仿佛自己的梦想跟那星星一样离她如此遥远。这时,女孩的父亲躺在了她的身边。“对不起,我还是没考上,你骂我吧。”“不,孩子,最后一次模考骂你是因为你的心根本不在学习上,然而后来我看到了你的努力和你的进步。有进步就是好的,虽然你的进步并未帮你达成目标,但是那又怎样?只要能进步,在哪都能成就精彩。”
父亲的话好似一豆灯火,点亮了女孩心里哪怕只有一平方厘米的地方。几个月后,孩子听了父亲的话,背上行囊,去了一个二本的院校,继续着自己的人生。
那后来女孩大富大贵了吗?没有。毕业后,女孩搭上南下的火车,找了份工作,平平淡淡地活着。只不过,不管有多平淡,她都会把生活过好,努力让自己进步。
再后来,她结了婚,生了小孩,成为了我的母亲。
或许是因为自己的经历,我妈妈从小到大都不太在意我的成绩,所以在别人学奥数的时候,我基本上都在扔泥巴。但是我妈妈也是有底线的,她不要求我每次都要考满分、90分,她只要求我每次进步,哪怕只有一点点。
上了高中后,由于我的爱好,我学了艺术,成为了艺术生。功课落下了不少,成绩自然也不算优秀,妈妈也还是只有“进步”一个要求。她只是不想我也像她一样因为没有努力和进步而在迷雾中穿梭。
如今,我走在了妈妈曾经走过的路上,只求问心无愧和争取进步,或许我的进步十分微小。使我赶不上我想要搭乘的那辆列车。不过,后面其实还有很多辆车在等我,因为我一直在努力进步,就像小树一直在努力进步和成就一片繁茂;就像水滴一直在努力进步汇成一曲江河,奔向所梦想的远方。
一点进步,一种不一样的人生。
Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先,提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段:提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段:正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段:摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次,提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性,连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity:段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛,也不可太具体,做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明,另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence:关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰,层层展开。
完整性(completeness:以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头,这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次,提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型:It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单,注意练习并接句的使用,会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as,如:
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头,句式简单,我们可以通过把since提前改变句式,如:
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后,提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法:millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论,辩论”的意思,而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.,相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略:使用最近所学的单词,如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后,我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文,以供参考:
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
这一则漫画是一组巧妙的富有深意的对比。先拿满分后拿98分的孩子先后收获了香吻和一个耳光,而先拿55分后拿61分的孩子则先后得到了一个耳光和一个香吻。从这两个孩子境遇上,我们看到了许多人有意无意抱有的一种心态:追求卓越,积极进取,否认失误和退步,哪怕这个“失误”仅仅两分。
努力进步当然是一件好事。正如漫画中的第二个孩子,他从不及格到达到及格,是一个值得肯定的质变与成就。攀登虽艰辛,而在山顶上“一览众山小”的壮阔是徘徊在山脚下的人无法享受的。然而,从100分到98分就是应当受到指责的堕落吗?并不是。93分依然是一个令人艳羡的好成绩,98分和100分同属于优秀水准。从100分到55分才是应当警醒的堕落。
依然优秀的第一个孩子被对待的态度落差如此之大,连我也不禁感到委屈。在竞争日益激烈的大背景下,许多人奉行苛求完美地极端精英教育,向往着“高处不胜寒”。从虎妈狼爸,再到“提高一分,横扫千人”的高考标语,人人的神经成了一张绷紧的弓,生怕遭受横飞而来的一记耳光。
可是,有一句亘古朴实的真理是“人无完人,金无足赤”。我们心心念念“直挂云帆济沧海”,却忘了挫折与起伏才是人生的常态。“长江后浪推前浪”的力量,就在这起伏之间。宽广的大海永不会如一潭碧湖般文弱恬静,清浅的水面可以保持平稳,但是也失去了承载大舟的能量。
是的,起伏的波浪才更具力量,没有后退,没有低谷,就没有前进的动力和空间,也就没有厚积薄发的震撼。就像生活在南极冰海的企鹅,想要跃到岸上,并不是在水面上拼命挣扎,而是猛地扎进深水,凭着一股冲劲儿再跃出水面,华丽地落在岸上。第二个孩子就像这只企鹅,在不及格的深潜后获得腾跃的力量。
而我们,当然应该给第一个孩子以鼓励和支持,不是必须得到满分才是优秀的孩子。他是潮起潮落的大海,是汹涌起伏能淹没一切的波浪。我也相信,他可以在这两分的差距中弥补自己的缺漏,下一次重得“满分”。
起伏的波浪更具力量,我相信在不完美中,才能更好地突破自己,在退步中,重获前进的勇气和动力。
“爱其子,择师而教之。”今人之于古人,更为注重孩子的教育。然而,不少父母把重视化为对于点点成绩的纠结,平日里的“天子骄子”因点点失误而被“由爱转恨”者有之,一直的“差生”因点点进步而顿被“捧在手心”者亦有之。父母的态度因一点点分数改变而“一百八十度”大转弯,这是对待成绩过于主观、生硬的行为。
分数的沉浮本就有多重原因,孩子的掌握、思维方式、老师出题的难度,甚至于个人的运气皆可改变成绩的高低。仅以“这次比上次高了几分”来界定孩子是否认真学习是不客观的、表面的。高分学生的父母看不到孩子一直以来的勤奋与不缀,低分学生的父母不能认识到孩子的能力与水平。单次成绩的沉浮即界定英雄、评定父母心中的“宝”,难以认识到孩子的水平,终会致使孩子深陷那红色的分数中,不清醒且不理智。
《礼记》有言“父之爱子,乃生而行之乎。”父母的爱本是无条件,而现今因分数一点点退步或增加均可改变父母的爱,则此爱易流于表面而不触其心。孩子退步了两分即挨了巴掌,或许便是错罚了试题变难仍是班级第一的他。孩子学习如同苦行僧在路上踱步前进,这一路上,父母的关爱与理解是如“春风潜入夜,润物细无声”般让前路阳光明媚。而若父母的爱变得“有偿”,须用分数进步来赢得,只会让孩子战战棘棘,时刻背负“优生的包袱”或者“差生的重担”。
古人云,“爱其子,则为计之深远。”父母看待孩子的眼光不应局限于那小小的分数。考试是对孩子学习的评估、却并非是对孩子的评估。父母看待孩子分数的眼光也不应局限于一隅,而应看到整体的、比较的,这样才能知道成绩背后那点点浮沉的真正意义。父母的“巴掌与吻”是可影响孩子一生的。曾几何时武汉神童惊人跳级、学业有成,而父母惯于其优异,容不得半点失误或退步,他终顶不住压力而厌学,“泯然众人矣。”
成绩那点点浮沉并不能直接界定了孩子的“好坏”、“优差”,也不能作为孩子赢得父母的爱的筹码。只有看到孩子真正的实力,给予及时支持,方能在无涯学海上为他撑起一片小舟,助他学成至彼岸。
漫画中,第一个孩子先因考100分得到一个吻的奖赏,后因考98分得到一个耳光的责罚;第二个孩子先因考55分被赐一个掌印,后因考61分被赏一个吻。看罢漫画,不禁深思,仅因一时分数升降便或奖或罚,实在失之偏颇。其实,孩子就像正在成长的树,他取得的成绩就像一片片的叶子,实在不必因孩子之树上长出一片好看的叶子而欣喜若狂,更不必因长出一片不太好看的叶子而全盘否定甚至大打出手,切勿因一叶而障目。
孩子的成长中,不只有学习,不只有分数,还应该有“诗和远方”。但是在唯分数论的大语境下,孩子被要求拼命追求分数的提升,不能有丝毫退步,甚至被苛求次次满分。这和饲养速成鸡有何区别呢?让鸡不会生病,只在激素、饲料的作用下疯长速成,这是违背规律的。孩子的成长需要经历幸福,更需要经受困难挫折,他在学习过程中要懂得付出汗水,也要懂得不是每一次努力之后都能立刻进步,懂得进步未必能立刻体现在成绩上,懂得成绩起伏本就是正常现象,只有持续努力,不断积蓄力量,才能成就更好的自己,从而开出人生之花,结出人生之果。父母作为孩子生命中最重要的人,怎能如此随意地唯分数而无视对孩子全面的评判?孩子似树,成绩如叶,家长勿因一叶而障目。
与此相似,在中国,拥有升学压力的中小学学校,很多时候也会因成绩这一叶而障目。比如在评价教师上较为片面,常只看教师所带班某学期某学段末尾的成绩来评判一个教师,往往看不到教师平时的努力付出与血泪辛酸,更难以理解绝大多数挣扎在教学一线的教师之苦。同样的,教师的教学不只有分数,还应该有理解与赏识,还应该有“诗和远方”。教师似树,成绩如叶,学校勿因一叶而障目。
再有,商人逐利本无可厚非,若眼中只有所要得的利益的这张成绩单,会因这如一叶的成绩单而障目,看不到理应有的诚信,看不到理应有的良知,看不到商人逐利活动之上理应高悬的“义”,才有地沟油、毒奶粉、假疫苗等骇人听闻的事件。再如,过分注重GDP数值的成绩单,而忽视国民文明水平的整体提升、道德素养的丰富等更重要的问题。这些都是因为太看重利益成绩单而导致的容易一叶障目的结果。成绩、利益如叶,切勿因一叶而障目。
当然,人不免受局限为外物蒙蔽,任何事物也都需要有一定的量化的衡量标准,但是不能光看到数值而看不到全面与整体,而可以有更全面多元的评价标准与评判方式,方能更好地避免一叶障目。
Dear Mary,
You said in your letter that many of your classmates wore fashionableclothes, but you couldn't afford them so you felt very depressed. There are dif-ferent views on people's clothes. The followings are my ideas:
Firstly, you shouldn't put too much emphasis on physical appearance.
Remember that the most important task for you today is to concentrate on yourstudies. No matter what you wear, you will really look your best when youcome out first in your examinations.
Secondly, you should understand that it is a fine virtue to live in fru-gality. Just as a famous saying goes, Frugality is the mother of virtue.
Since your family can't provide you with enough money to buy fashionableclothes, it is all the more necessary for you to try to lighten the financialburden of your family. And you will find the virtue of frugality benefit youa lot in your future life.
I hope you understand what I mean. Hope you will take a positive attitudetowards life and will be happy again when you read my letter.
Yours,
Anne
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