许多心急的父母,怕自己的小孩输在起跑点,将来无法与别人竞争,所以每天拼命的把孩子往补习班或才艺班送,给孩子带来许多沉重的压力,导致他们无处发洩,每天郁郁寡欢,愁眉苦脸。父母和老师的期望,再加上课业的压力,让孩子可能走上不归路,所以大人们不要以为小孩子没有压力,而轻忽他们。
上班族常常因为上司的要求,或是客户不满意工作的业绩及财务问题而忧心。在身心俱疲的时候,最重要的就是适时的放松,否则就会像本来弹性很好的橡皮筋一样,若是一直施力,拉扯,最终还是会断裂。人如果长期处于紧张的压力之下,而没有好好放松心情,很容易病倒,失去健康,那就更得不偿失。
压力一直堆积在心中,会闷出病来,应该找个宣洩的出口,比如说做做运动,好好睡个觉,去外头走走散散心,或是奖励自己,请自己吃顿大餐等,以排除过多的压力,如此就能化压力为助力,让自己更上一层楼。
Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先,提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段:提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段:正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段:摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次,提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性,连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity:段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛,也不可太具体,做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明,另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence:关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰,层层展开。
完整性(completeness:以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头,这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次,提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型:It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单,注意练习并接句的使用,会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as,如:
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头,句式简单,我们可以通过把since提前改变句式,如:
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后,提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法:millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论,辩论”的意思,而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.,相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略:使用最近所学的单词,如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后,我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文,以供参考:
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
成长,是每个人必须在人生道路上经历的一段路程。
我听过这样的一个故事:在非洲大草原上,每天早晨,羊睁开眼睛所想的第一件事就是:“我必须比跑得最快的狮子跑得还快。否则,我就会被狮子吃掉。”而就在同一时刻,狮子从睡梦中醒来,首先闪现在脑海里的第一个念头是:“我必须比跑得最慢的羊跑得快。要不然,我就会饿死。”于是,几乎是同时,羊和狮子一跃而起,迎着朝阳跑去。由于生存的压力,使羊成了奔跑“健将”,狮子成了草原“猎手”。
在生活中,我们虽然没有像羊和狮子那样的生存压力。但学习、工作的压力依然存在。正是这样一些压力,才使我们不断成功,不断进步。如果没有这些压力,那我们的生活会怎样,是无人所预料的。
压力的确给我们带来很多痛苦,甚至于不顾亲情而离家出走,背叛父母。但在压力中,我们却尝到了生活中的喜怒哀乐、酸甜苦辣,给我们以身体上的锻炼,思想上的成熟,成长中的启蒙。
在学生阶段,老师与家长给予我们的压力几乎让我们喘不过气,但我们又何曾不去想想这或许是老师和家长们关心我们的另一种表现呢?所以,当我们感受到这种压力的时候,不要因为辛苦而退缩,更不要因为厌烦而反抗,而是在这压力下,尽量地把自己的坚强表现出来,活得更出色一点。
在以后的成长过程中,无论遇到多大的压力,我们只要懂得只有勇于去尝试这种压力,这样才会取得新的体会与锻炼。
成长中的压力会让我们奠定下成功的第一步;成长中的压力会使我们在以后的生活学习中战胜更多的困难;成长中的压力会给我们一个新的出发点。
生活中处处有压力,有时压力犹如泰山压顶,使我们不堪重负,甚至被压垮。但没有压力就没有动力,机遇与挑战并存,压力与动力共生。莎士比亚曾经说过:“压力是一把双刃剑。”因此,我们要学会正确对待压力,让压力鞭策我们进步!
相信大家一定听说过破釜沉舟的故事:项羽战败逃到江边,明知已没有退路,所以便破釜沉舟,拼死一战。项羽和士兵们被压力激发出了自己的小宇宙结果大败秦军,反败为胜!
正因为有压力这个无形的力量鞭策着他去前进,而他也能正确地面对压力这个敌人,才让他身体中的能量完全迸发出来,才使他最终拥有一个辉煌的人生!
压力使我们造就辉煌的人生!
海伦凯勒年幼时因高烧而关闭了她心灵的窗户,但她经历了一段时间的消沉过后,却奇迹般的复苏了。当把失明当做一种压力时,她不能真正面对生活;当她把压力转化为动力时,生活便选择了她。
正因为她心中有一个坚韧的压力转化器,能让她把压力转化为动力,才是她最终能够走上创作人生的巅峰!
有的人因正确面对压力而造就人生的辉煌,有的人却也倒在压力的血泊中。
原指南针乐队主唱罗琦曾是一位乐坛的风云人物,但后来却因一些挫折,用吸毒来解压,最终毁掉了她的一生。
如果她能够正确的对待压力,用压力来激励自己前行,那么她或许会在她人生道路上离成功越来越近!
不管是曾铸就辉煌的项羽还是著名作家海伦凯勒,他们虽然有这不同的身份,不同的地位,但这些都不重要,只因他们都正确的面对了压力,进而使他们都获得了成功。
青少年在通往成熟的道路上,总要背负几块压力的巨石,让我们化压力为动力,迎战压力,让压力成为我们走向成功的垫脚石!
讲师继续说道:“其实这杯水的重量很轻,但是你拿得越久,就觉得越沉重。这如同把压力放在身上,不管压力是否很重,时间长了就会觉得越来越沉重而无法承担。我们必须做的`是放下这杯水,休息一下后再拿起,只有这样我们才能拿得更久。所以,我们所承担的压力,应该在适当的时候放下,好好地休息一下,然后再重新拿起来,如此才可承担更久。”
说完,教室里一片掌声。大道理:随着社会的进步,人们也跟着越来越忙。接着,负担也越来越重。不妨在适当的时候放下负担,轻松一下,等调整好了状态再重新拿起。
How to prevent the H7N9?
As is well known,the A flu is spreading throught our country. However, if we negnect it, the deadly H7N9 may cause more infectors,or even more deaths. So what is the most important is that we should take some effective measures to prevent it.They can be listed as follows.
Firstly,it is necessary for you to realize the Avian flu can be prevented if you develop good living habits. For example,you shouldn’t forget to wash your hands before meals.Besides,don’t spit everywhere and try to cover your mouth or nose with paper or hankerchiefs when you have to cough or sneeze.What’s more, remember to wear the mouth-cover if you have to go to the public places, such as the crowded cinemas,supermarkets, buses,where the A flu may spread easily.
Secondly,of course, taking exercise more often and taking good sleep to build your body are wise choices for you to reduce the risk of being infected.
Last but not the least, if you are unlucky to be infected with the slight flu cold, try to stay at home,and take some medicine. Do pay attention to your daily body temperature. If you have a high fever, go to the hospital without delay for further treatment. Make sure you are not expected to come back to school before the cold or flu is cured.
Only by doing like this can you prevent or defeat the A flu in the end.
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