有一句话曾被无数的人和事例证明过:自信是通向成功之路的基石。
在古代,“大将之才,类出天授”一直是主流观点,很少有人认识到自信的作用。可是随着一声“王侯将相,宁有种乎”的呐喊,一群除了自信什么也没有的“杂碎”就使庞大的秦王朝土崩瓦解。
西楚霸王项羽,面对秦国名将王离、章邯率领的数十万军队,居然在军粮仅能维持三天的情况下,率领几万楚军***向敌营,结果大破秦军,活捉王离。
王勃作为一个二十出头的小伙子,面对阎都督暗藏私心的“请求”,竟不推辞,援笔一挥而就,作成《滕王阁序》,不易一字。可见血统、年龄和阅历有时只能用来唬人,自信才是成功的决定因素。
关于自信还有个的悲剧,主角是物理学家普朗克。1900年,他提出了光量子理论。本来这是个伟大的发现,但他并未因此而高兴。相反,他却认为自己做了一件错事,把本来很和谐的经典物理弄得一团糟,内心不安,诚惶诚恐,甚至企图将能量量子化纳入经典物理的轨道之内。这多像晚年的牛顿。牛顿也曾经对自己的学说产生过怀疑,甚至把“第一推动力”归结为神的作用。费尽心血提出来的理论,经过许多次的修改,能够解释那么多的现象,这是一代甚至是几代科学家努力的成果。在尚未验证真假的情况下,只是因为信心不足就放弃了,这是历史的倒退,也是科学的遗憾。
现在的条件比以前好了很多,社会制度也公平了许多,人们还需要自信吗?当然需要!一个人,有自信的时候和没自信的时候看上去判若两人。一支球队,一旦有了自信,那么行云流水的进攻,眼花缭乱的配合,都会一一呈现。甚至幸运女神的垂青,也会降临到这支球队。再想想你自己,有没有自信指数超高,做什么都能成功的时候?这些事情本来就能做到,只是由于没有自信,造成了这些事情不可完成的假象。
人活在世上,不论是顺风顺水的时候还是被逼到悬崖边上的时候,都得有点自信。顺风顺水的时候有自信无可厚非,被逼到悬崖边上的时候有自信就会做到。既然已经付出了的努力,就请你加上的自信,去收获的成功。
Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先,提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段:提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段:正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段:摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次,提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性,连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity:段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛,也不可太具体,做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明,另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence:关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰,层层展开。
完整性(completeness:以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头,这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次,提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型:It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单,注意练习并接句的使用,会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as,如:
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头,句式简单,我们可以通过把since提前改变句式,如:
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后,提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法:millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论,辩论”的意思,而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.,相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略:使用最近所学的单词,如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后,我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文,以供参考:
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
为自己鼓劲扬起自信的风帆,驶向成功的彼岸,为了目标,为自己鼓劲,为自己呐喊,为自己喝彩……——题记学会为自己鼓劲,就是给成功增添砝码。很久以前有两个朋友想穿越沙漠,当他们喝完最后一滴水时,一个朋友绝望了,他无助地坐在那儿渴望能够邂逅哪一救星来拯救绝望的他,而另一个朋友则不断地为自己鼓劲,给自己信心,给自己力量,这个生存的目标在引诱他,他不气馁地寻求着出路,拼命给自己加油呐喊……最后,这个朋友死在了沙漠中,而他成功地存活了下来,成为了一个有名的冒险家。
学会为自己鼓劲,就是给成功之路上多放置一块垫脚石。任何人都是被上帝咬过一口的苹果,上帝是公平的,正因为如此,才让乌龟顶着自不量力的骂名,自信地接受了高傲的兔子的挑战,路途漫漫,乌龟给自己鼓劲成了动力的源泉,让它毫无争议的战胜了目空一切的兔子。学会为自己鼓劲,才能看见成功,才能触及成功。波兰艺术大师梵高的鼎盛是在其辞世之后的一百多年,当时梵高800幅油画,700多幅素描无人问津,仅仅卖出了可怜的一幅,他气馁了,不断怀疑自己的'能力,所以,梵高遗憾地错过了他应有的及时的成功,只有他的灵魂才看见了他的成功,这种遗憾多么令人惋惜啊!为自己鼓劲,让自己穿过困难的荆棘;为自己鼓劲,让自己跨越困难的沟壑;为自己鼓劲,让自己战胜骇人的巨浪;为自己鼓劲,让自己翱翔在苍穹的宁静中;为自己鼓劲,让自己稽留在成功的王国中。
让我们把这一份信念深入自己细胞的每一个罅隙中,变对成功眷恋不舍为牢牢把握,让我们为自己鼓劲,让我们穿越障碍,走向成功!为自己鼓劲小草怀着坚强的信念破土发芽;花儿抱着惊人的毅力含苞欲放;小树揣着刚劲的意志茁壮成长。是什么使它们风雨侵衣骨更硬,野菜充饥志越坚呢?是为自己鼓劲的意念。
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