nowadays, we can see some boys and girls who live in a small world of their own. they bury themselves among books and are proud of themselves. they think that it will make them lose their face if they do housework for they often think themselves very noble.
these young people are wrong. in my opinion every student should have a knowledge of housework. after all, they will have a family of their own, and they should do their part in keeping a good home. boys should also learn to do housework, for what will they do if they remain single? though not all boys remain single,yet they will be very helpful in the family if they know some housework. anyhow they will not lose anything, but, on the contrary, they will gain something useful.
for what i said above, we can find some eamples of our fellow-students studying abroad. all young men do housework as girls do. someone would argue that we can employ servants. this is true.however, what shall we do if the servant leaves us and all things are left to ourselves? we just cannot leave our clothes as they are and let worms and ants eat them up. and what can we do it we go and study in a foreign country where servants are out our means to employ? we must work for ourselves. why not start to learn to do housework now or else it will be too late? everyone should learn to do housework. what do you think about my idea, boys and girls?
自我评价
是指被评价者自己参照评价指标体系对自己的活动状况或发展状况进行自我鉴定。自我评价实质上就是评价对象自我认识、自我分析、自我提高的过程。开展自我评价时,要特别注意对自我评价者的引导,并把自评和他评结合起来。
他人评价
他人评价是指由其它有关方面的人员对评价对象所实施的评价。在他人评价中,能否在评价主体之间建立和谐的关系,是决定他人评价成效的关键
在日常教学中,我们应该把多种评价手段结合起来,发挥教育评价的促进作用。当然,教育评价是一个永恒的话题,我们不断地探索着评价的新局面,力求更合理,更科学地对每一位学生的发展作出评价。
Many people lose their lives when they meet the accident in the water, so it is important to learn swimming.
I have made up my mind and must finish this task.
暑假来了,我决定学习游泳,因为天气太热了,我可以让自己感到清凉点,更重要的.是,我想掌握一门技能和保护自己。
许多人失去生命,当他们遇到发生在水里的事故,所以学习游泳是很重要的。
我已经下定决心,必须完成这一任务。
these young people are wrong. in my opinion every student should have a knowledge of housework. after all, they will have a family of their own, and they should do their part in keeping a good home. boys should also learn to do housework, for what will they do if they remain single? though not all boys remain single, yet they will be very helpful in the family if they know some housework. anyhow they will not lose anything, but, on the contrary, they will gain something useful.
for what i said above, we can find some eamples of our fellow-students studying abroad. all young men do housework as girls do. someone would argue that we can employ servants. this is true. however, what shall we do if the servant leaves us and all things are left to ourselves? we just cannot leave our clothes as they are and let worms and ants eat them up. and what can we do it we go and study in a foreign country where servants are out our means to employ? we must work for ourselves. why not start to learn to do housework now or else it will be too late? everyone should learn to do housework. what do you think about my idea, boys and girls?
诊断性评价
诊断性评价又称准备性评价,是在教育活动开始之前或教育活动进行之中对学生的学习准备情况或特殊困难进行的评价,是对教学活动的准备。它主要对教育背景、存在问题及其原因作出诊断,以便“对症下药”,据此进行教学设计。诊断性评价的实施时间一般在课程、学期、学年开始或教学过程中需要的时候。它涉及的主要内容有:教育所面临的.问题;学生前一阶段学习中知识储备的数量和质量;学生的性格特征、学习风格、能力倾向及对本学科的态度;学生对学校学习生活的态度、身体状况及家庭教育情况等。
诊断性评价的作用主要表现在三个方面:
(1 确定学生的学习准备情况,明确学生发展的起点水平,为教学活动提供设计依据。
(2 识别学生的发展差异,适当安置学生。
(3 诊断个别学生在发展上的特殊障碍,以作为采取补救措施的依据
形成性评价
形成性评价又称过程评价,是在教育过程中为调节和完善教学活动、引导教育过程正确而高效地前进而对学生学习结果和教师教育效果所采取的评价。与诊断性评价不同,形成性评价一般是在教育进行过程中开展,其主要作用是:引导学习活动的方向;强化学生的学习;及时发现问题并提供矫正处方。形成性评价所借助的手段有平常作业、日常观察和形成性测验等。形面性评价是现代教育评价的发展趋势之一,也越来越受到人们的重视。
终结性评价
终结性评价又称结果评价,是在某一相对完整的教育阶段结束后对整个教育目标实现的程度作出的评价。它要以预先设定的教育目标为基准,考查学生发展达到目标的程度。终结性评价的次数比较少,一般是一个学期或一学年一次,在学期或学年结束时进行。主要是考察学生群体或每个学生整体的发展水平,为各种选拔、评优提供参考依据。
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