在复活节假期中,忙着当空中飞人到处玩耍的我也在空余时间看了几篇英国散文。《论读书》,我之所以写它是因为让我惊奇地发现“为什么读书”这件事是任何时代每个国家的哲学家,思想家都在思考的问题。《论语》,《荀子》,《***选集》等等这些书,其中都有提到读书的重要性。今儿,让我们来看看西方的文人对这个问题的阐述,在其中你会有所共鸣,会有所思考,会对中西方文人思维特点有个对比。
关于《论读书》古罗马诗人奥维德在《女英雄书信集》中早说过“Abeunt studia in mores”意为一切学问都对性格有所影响。在我们的生活中,每件事每个经历甚至偶然间读过的某本书,这样的事情反复积累沉淀,造就了不同的我们。
《论读书》是弗兰西斯.培根的一篇散文作品,仅仅数百来字就把读书的妙用和读书的方法这两个问题说得非常透彻。培根在说到读书的'用处时,既强调了其对立身行事,自我修养的帮助,又指出了书本知识的局限性,认为学问应当受到经验的规范。作者还对不同书籍提出了不同的读书方法:有些书浅尝即可,有些只须囫囵吞枣,少数须要细细咀嚼消化。这种对自我完善的渴求似乎反映出文艺复兴时代的“人文主义精神“——相信人的力量和人无限的潜力。
节选
Studies serve for delight, for ornament,and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring (独处和幽居之时; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in thejudgement and disposition of business; for expert men can execute, and perhapsjudge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots (plan and marshalling of affairs (处理事务come best from those that are learned. To spend too much time instudies, is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to makejudgement wholly by their rules, is the humour of scholar(学者的癖性; they perfect nature, and are perfected by experience; for naturalabilities are like plants, that need pruning by study; and studies themselvesdo give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in byexperience(若不以经验约束的知识则会不着边际.
Read not to contradict (否定 and confute (驳斥, nor to believe and takefor granted(想当然, nor to find talk and discourse, butto weigh and consider. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, andsome few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only inparts; others to be read but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, andwith diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy(由人代读, and extracts made of them by others; but that would be only in theless important arguments and the meaner sort of books; else distilled books arelike common distilled waters, flashy things (平淡无味的东西.
Histories make men wise, poets, witty; themathematics, subtle; natural philosophy, deep; moral, grave; logic and rhetoric(修辞学, able to contend: Abeunt studia in mores……
关于培根弗兰西斯.培根(FrancisBacon, 1561-1626,英国哲学家,散文家,生于伦敦,受教于剑桥大学三一学院。此后仕途一帆风顺,历任副检察长,检察总长,掌玺大臣等职位,但在1620xx年被指控犯有贿赂罪而削官为民。余生在文学和哲学创作中度过。蒲柏说他是“人中之俊杰,亦是人中之败类”。
其作品主要分为三类:哲学作品《Advancement of Learning》,法律职业的作品,文学类作品《Essays》,《History ofHenry the Seventh,1622》。
Courage, Love And Sincerity
What Gump has told me
Everyone should have a belief in his heart about life, beauty, and noble humanity. This is what Gump told me, who is a true man full of courage ,love, and sincerity in my mind.
Life is a box of chocolate and we can never know what it is inside before we open it. Just as Mrs Forrest put it, everyone has a destiny. As for Gump, he was thought to be a perfect fool since he was young. While, after watching the movie, I can not help but admire this young guy because of his braveness to deal with obstacles, his consistence to love and his devotion to friendship. Stupid he might seem to be, Gump gave a meaningful lesson to us who are what called more intelligent people.
Born as a boy with natural defects, Gump eventually accomplished plenty of achievements which we ordinary people can not approach. With a plain thought and natural optimism, Gump just did what he was good at, running as fast as he could, struggling toughly against destiny with all the facilities he had been given. To our surprise, he eventually graduated from college, got a military medal, became one of the best pingpong players around America and even owned a huge shrimp company. Astonishing and unbelievable as it was, those miracles did happen sometimes. Who says that great success only belongs to those
with super talents? In my opinion, those who endeavor to make their best also deserve applause and respect. Let us run towards the new sun and embrace everyday with hope and we can make a difference.
To tell the truth, I can not help but shed tears several times when I watch the moving scene where Gump rushed into dangerous forest again and again to save his battle companions. What great selfless devotion Gump showed us! Unfortunately, Bubble, one of the best friends of Gump died in the battle field, which left a great grief to Gum. While, after retiring from military service, Gum kept his promise and purchased a big shrimp ship in order to finish Bubble’ dream. Meanwhile, he also provided financial support to Bubble’ family. First Lieutenant Dan, a staunch soldier, who lost his two legs in Viet Nam , abandoned himself in the abyss of despair. Nevertheless, Gump still supported him and finally help him make peace with God. Gump told us that genuine friendship needs nothing but love and sincerity.
Another enlightenment Gum brought me is about the definition of true love .As a matter of fact, genuine love has little things to do with appearance, wealth or backgrounds but is concerned with tolerance, consistence and devotion just as what Gum behaved. Like carrots and peas, Gum and Jenny sit in the big banyan tree seeing the stars rising, took a walk at sunset, enjoyed the gorgeous scenery beside the lake .As we can see, Jenny did mean a lot to Gump and his selfless devotion to
Jenny is the most touching one I have ever seen which is the real romantic and permanent love, forming a sharp contrast to some superficial young people those days who care so much about substance and appearance.
Life is like a feather which drifts randomly in the swing of wind and there are quite some things we can not determine. But what we can do is traveling as far as we can with a genuine belief for courage, love and sincerity .If so, when time flied and all things fade away someday, the fragrance of our mellow life will last forever, just like what Gump did.
Dear Daddy,
亲爱的爸爸,
Thank you very much for your letter written to me. In your letter , you not only expressed your expectation to me , but also showed all your love to me . I was deeply moved . Thanks again ,Daddy .You said ," I hope you get bravery and perseverance, and can quickly grasp living skills like a lion ". Now I want to tell you that I will try my best to do everything well and live up to your expectations . Dear father , you are a great lion in my mind .
谢谢你给我写信。在信中,你不仅仅表达了你对我的期望,还展示了你对我所有的爱。我深深感动了。再次谢谢你,爸爸。你说,“我希望你能够变得勇敢和有耐心,并且能像狮子般快速的掌握生活技能。”现在我想说我会尽我最大的.努力把所有事情都做好来达到你的期望。亲爱的爸爸,你是我心中的狮子。
When I am absent mind , when I am depressed, you , my dear father is always there . Your advice and encouragement guide me through many difficulties . Thank you , Dad, for your help and understanding. I love you , Dad ,forever!
当我茫然、绝望时,是你,我亲爱的爸爸永远都在我身边。你的建议和勇气引导我克服许多的困难。谢谢你,爸爸,谢谢你的帮助和理解。我永远爱你,爸爸。
there is a shop at the north gate. when you go into the park through the north gate, you will find a large square on your right and you will see lots of trees and flowers around you. in the west of the park, there is a playground.
sometimes some children fly kites on it and some people sit on the grass and chat. in the middle of the park, there is a lake. there are many boats on it. there is a hill in the east of the park.
the park is very beautiful. i love it very much. will you come to visit it some day?
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