信头是指发信人的姓名(单位名称、地址和日期,一般写在信纸的右上角。一般公函或商业信函的信纸上都印有单位或公司的名称、地址、电话号码等,因此就只需在信头下面的右边写上写信日期就可以了。
英文地址的写法与中文完全不同,地址的名称按从小到大的顺序:第一行写门牌号码和街名;第二行写县、市、省、州、邮编、国名;然后再写日期。标点符号一般在每一行的末尾都不用,但在每一行的之间,该用的还要用,例如在写日期的时候。
其中日期的写法,如1997年7月30日,英文为:july 30,1997(最为普遍;july 30th,1997;30th july,1997等。1997不可写成97。
Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先,提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段:提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段:正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段:摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次,提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性,连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity:段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛,也不可太具体,做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明,另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence:关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰,层层展开。
完整性(completeness:以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头,这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次,提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型:It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单,注意练习并接句的使用,会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as,如:
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头,句式简单,我们可以通过把since提前改变句式,如:
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后,提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法:millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论,辩论”的意思,而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.,相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略:使用最近所学的单词,如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后,我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文,以供参考:
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
餐桌上的爱
奶奶在老家,一听说“我”这个许久不见到的“大孙子”今天上午要到这儿了,立马失去了往日的愁思,高兴得溜到厨房,磨亮了刀子,又是***鸡,又是买饮料,忙活了大半个时辰,刚忙活完,擦了把汗,便坐下来休息,板凳还没坐热呢,又听到了我那可爱的声音:“奶奶!我回来啦!”奶奶又高兴地跑了出去,把我接进屋来,一见时间不早了,便说:“开饭喽!”话音刚落,就将我报道了椅子上,我便喝起了饮料,爷爷拿出了他的“五粮液”喝上了几杯。趁着我上厕所,爷爷奶奶将鸡汤中几块骨头捞了出来,放在自己的地方,又将我这儿的一部分骨头弄到自己这儿,又夹了一块鸡肋,等我回来后,装做吃得津津有味,还时不时的念叨:“快吃呦!不然要被吃光喽!”我一听,急得连忙一口气吃了两块。
这不是白酒
一天,我拿着装了雪碧的杯子对爷爷说:“爷爷,来点雪碧吧!”爷爷说:“我喝白酒。”我便想:这东西有雪碧好喝吗?
有一次,我和爷爷去赶集,听见两个六旬老头儿在谈话,具体说什么已记不大清,只记得站右边的拿着一瓶白酒对另一个说:“侃!牛盘山二锅头!我儿子买给我的',很贵嗒!而且还很辣!”另一个说道:“我不信!除非你给我尝尝!”“切!就知道你会说这句话,我才不给呢.”于是,我又想:白酒里没有辣椒呀,为什么他们说辣呢?于是,一股强烈的愿望在我的心中生根、发芽——尝白酒!
终于有一次好机会,我蹑手蹑脚地走向那瓶白酒,然后小心翼翼地打开盖子,用舌尖小心地碰了一下酒,“咦?怎么没味?”我感到奇怪,好奇心牵引着我,终于,我壮着胆子喝了一口……没感觉,又喝了一口,然后使出浑身解数去努力地感受着,总算感受到了这一丝的辣味,“着白酒和白开水差不多嘛!”现在我才知道,爷爷在酒里加水喝,时装做给我看的。我感到了一丝愧疚。
意外的惊喜
在老家呆了好久,终于要离开了,在离开的前一天,我和爷爷去最后一次上街赶集了。在买东西时,一辆酷酷的玩具车映入我的眼帘,我很想要,爷爷说:“大孙子,买了这个就没钱买菜了,以后再买吧。”我便依依不舍得离开了。爷爷买完菜后,手上紧紧捏着36元钱——玩具车的价格。
下午,爷爷有一阵子不在家,奶奶说是给我去买零食了,要留着回昆山的路上吃。
我和爷爷分别了,奶奶与我回昆山了,临走时,爷爷用“贪婪”地目光紧盯着我,想要将我牢记在心……在车上,我找零食时,看到了那天我在超市看中的那辆36元的玩具车,我捧着玩具车,流下了一行行晶莹的泪珠……
那一段在老家度过的时光,我永生难忘!
当新学期来临时,许多学生对新生活表现得很兴奋。在大学,新生快乐地享受着自由。在接下来的四年里,他们希望过着高中描绘的'美好生活。但事实是,大学生活中有很多东西要学。
First, the major knowledge occupies the most important role. As a student, learning knowledge is their job, while many students focus on playing cellphone in the class, or just sleep. They lose interest in studying when they come to the free environment. Mastering the professional skill helps them to be competitive. The sad thing is that most of them can't realize it.
首先,专业知识占据着最重要的角色。作为一名学生,学习知识是他们的工作,而很多学生在课堂上玩手机,或者睡觉。当他们来到自由的环境后对学习失去了兴趣。掌握专业技能帮助他们提高竞争力,可悲的是,大多数人没有意识到这一点。
Second, as there is much free time, they can make use of it and gain the valuable experience. Students can join some clubs to develop more interest, or find part-time jobs. It is better than to stay in the dorm and play computer games all the time.
第二,由于空闲时间多,他们可以充分利用好这些时间,并从中获得宝贵的经验。学生可以参加一些活动来发展更多的兴趣爱好,或找份兼职工作。比呆在宿舍玩电脑游戏好多了。
A lot of students feel lost in the campus, because they don't plan campus life well. The things you learn will make you different in the future.
很多学生因为没有计划好校园生活在所以迷失了。所学到的东西会让你在未来有所作为。
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