王某,男,河南人,系我校2006级的一名学生。由于其入校成绩较为优秀且个人能力较好,故入学之后被选为班级的学习委员。大一上学期,王某在班级里工作积极认真,学习刻苦努力,平时上课总是坐在前三排,任课老师对这个学生的印象都很好。但是大一下学期开学后,王某开始无故旷课,也开始通宵地打网络游戏,起初只是偶尔的几次,到期末网吧几乎成了他生活的主战场。也因此,王刚在大一下学期挂了3科,其中包括挂科率极低的科目。大二开学后,王刚不再担任学习委员,无故旷课的情况越来越严重……
王刚的变化引起的我的关注,找其做思想工作,但是效果不明显。之后我便找同学深入了解王刚从大一下学期的具体情况,其实原因很简单:王刚在大一寒假期间迷恋上了一款流行的网络游戏。大一下学期开学后,仍然迷恋于网络游戏不能自拔,他不仅把大量的时间、精力花在这个游戏上,而且为了跟其他“游戏战队”的成员一起练级,常常日夜颠倒,通宵上网,不但严重影响了作息,使他不能按时上课、认真学习,而且还影响了同宿舍同学的学习生活,宿舍关系一度紧张。
在了解到以上情况之后,我又一次主动找王刚谈心,耐心向其讲解迷恋网络的危害性,希望王刚端正态度戒除网瘾。王某的态度很诚恳,表示一定会改正错误,重新开始努力学习。但是,这次谈心的效果只维持了一天,王某又开始了他的游戏生活。鉴于这一次谈话的失败,经过慎重考虑,我选择先从家长及同学那里了解王某的家庭情况及日常生活情况着手,经过调查了解,使我对王某的一些个人情况有了进一步的认识,这也为下次谈话找到了一定的依据和基础,也增加了我对下次谈话成功的信心。经过充分的准备,我选择了一个合适的机会找到了王某,这次谈话我不再对王刚提出学习生活方面的`要求,而是先请王某给我讲述为什么会沉迷网络游戏,在游戏过程中有什么感受。通过谈心了解到:虽然以前认真学习,但是成绩一直处于班级中等水平,未达到自己“名列前茅”的要求,很没有“成就感”。尤其大学的学习不似高中时繁忙紧张,在一次偶然的机会里,其接触到了网络游戏,游戏中光怪陆离的画面和一级一级升级的成就感深深的吸引了他而不能自拔。听完王某的陈述后我又把家长及同学对他的正面印象告诉了他,并且向他说明了家长、老师及同学对他的期望。听完后王某确实非常感动,当着我的面向我保证以后不再陷入网络游戏,要重新振作并把精力转移学习上。
针对以上了解的情况,我给王某制定了几个走出“网络沉迷”的处方:
(1)从思想上启发引导他。在学习中偶尔的失意是很正常的,关键是不能轻言放弃,尤其是不能自己放弃自己,大学处于学校到社会的过渡阶段,作为当代大学生应该学会接受生活、学习中偶尔的失意,而不能放弃。让他能在心理上对大学的学习和生活态度摆正。
(2)指导王某规划自己的大学生活,使他的学习生活有一个明确的目标。
(3)营造良好的学习氛围。帮助王某设立可行的短期目标,安排同学在学习上帮助他,请相关代课老师多多给予关注,如在课堂上对他多提问一些,对其要求相对严格等,加强王某的自律性,也使他逐步树立自信,同时也无形中加强了班级的学风建设。
(4)生活上关心他。帮助他一起制定详细的作息时间,使他的日常生活合理、有序。同时请同宿舍的同学做好监督,逐步减少王某花在网络游戏的时间和精力。
经过一个学期的努力,在同学们的帮助下,王某终于走出了“游戏生活”,恢复到了以往认真学习的状态,学习成绩也得到了稳步提高。
Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先,提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段:提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段:正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段:摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次,提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性,连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity:段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛,也不可太具体,做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明,另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence:关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰,层层展开。
完整性(completeness:以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头,这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次,提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型:It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单,注意练习并接句的使用,会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as,如:
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头,句式简单,我们可以通过把since提前改变句式,如:
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后,提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法:millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论,辩论”的意思,而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.,相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略:使用最近所学的单词,如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后,我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文,以供参考:
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
Expert tips on how to prevent avian influenza H7N9 collated by current argument data dictionary
1.平时加强体育锻炼,多休息,避免过度劳累,不吸烟,勤洗手;注意个人卫生,打喷嚏或咳嗽时掩住口鼻。
1 usually strengthen physical exercise, rest more, avoid excessive overworked, do not smoke, wash their hands; pay attention to personal hygiene, when sneezing or coughing and cover your nose and mouth.
2.保持室内清洁,使用消毒液清洗的地毯,避免使用难以清洗的地毯,保持地面、天花板、家具及墙壁清洁,确保排水道通畅;保持室内空气流通,应每天开窗换气两次,每次至少10分钟,或使用抽气扇保持空气流通;尽量少去 空气不流通的场所。
2 keep the room clean, use disinfectant cleaning carpets, avoid the use of hard to clean the carpet, keep the floor, ceiling, furniture and walls clean, to ensure smooth drainage channel; maintains the indoor air circulation, ventilation windows should be at least two times a day, 10 minutes each time, or use a fan to keep air circulation; as little as possible to airless places.
3.注意饮食卫生,进食禽肉、蛋类要彻底煮熟,加工、保存食物时要注意生、熟分开;养成良好的卫生习惯,搞好厨房卫生,不生食禽肉和内脏。解剖活(死家禽、家畜及其制品后要彻底洗手。
3, pay attention to food hygiene, eating meat, eggs should be thoroughly cooked, processing, preservation of food to the attention of raw, cooked separately; develop good health habits, good kitchen hygiene, do not eat raw poultry meat and offal. Anatomy of living (dead to wash hands thoroughly, livestock and poultry products.
同时,在户外洗手不方便的时候,可以使用免洗洗手液,随身携带,随时随地隔离病菌,呵护您的健康。
At the same time, when the outdoor hand-washing is not convenient, can use hand sanitizer, carry whenever and wherever possible, isolate the pathogen, take care of your health.
4.发现疫情时,应尽量避免与禽类接触;公众特别是儿童应避免密切接触家禽和野禽。
4 found in the epidemic, should avoid contact with poultry; the public especially children should avoid close contact with poultry and wild birds.
5.注意生活用具的消毒处理。禽流感病毒不耐热,100°C下一分钟即可灭活。对干燥、紫外线照射、汞、氯等常用消毒药都很敏感。
5 pay attention to disinfection and living appliances. Avian influenza viruses do not heat, 100 ° C, one minute can be inact
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