1。hereby
该词意为by means of , by reason of this, by this agreement,“特此”,“因此”,“兹”,“在此”。此词常用作法律、经贸文件、合同、协议书等正式文件的开头语,在合同条款中需特别强调时也可用,表示当事人借此合约,要宣示某种具有法律效力的“意思表示”,如保证、同意、放弃权利等,一般放于主语后,紧邻主语。如:The Company hereby covenants and warrants that…… 意为:By this agreement the Company covenants and warrants that……即:公司在此保证……再如:Both parties hereby agree that……意为:By this agreement both parties agree that……即:双方当事人在此同意……
2。hereof
该词意为:of this agreement,“关于此点”;“在本文件中”,表示上文已提及的“本合同的、本文件的……”,一般置于要修饰的名词的后面,与之紧邻。如:to take effect on the date hereof 意为:to take effect on the date of this agreement 即:于本合约之日期生效。再如:the headings of the sections hereof 意为:the headings of the sections of this agreement 即:本合约各条款之标题。
3。hereto
该词意为:to this agreement,“至此”,“在此”,表示上文已提及的“本合同的……本文件的……”,一般置于要修饰的`名词的后面,与之紧邻。如:both parties hereto 意为both parties to this agreement,即本合约之当事人双方;items specified in Attachment I and hereto 意为:items specified in Attachment I to this agreement 即:本合约之附件I所列之各项。
4。herein
该词意为:in this agreement,“此中”,“于此”,表示上文已提及的“本合同(中)的……,本法(中)的……”等,一般置于所修饰词后,紧邻所修饰词。如:to file a suit in the court agreed to herein 意为:to file a suit in the court agreed to in this agreement 即:向当事人于本合约中同意管辖的法院提起诉讼;再如:to follow the terms and conditions herein 意为:to follow the terms and conditions in this agreement,即:遵守本合约所规定的条件。
5。hereinafter
该词意为:later in the same Contract,“以下”,“在下文”,一般与to be referred to as, referred to as, called 等词组连用,以避免重复。
6。hereunder
该词意为:under this agreement,“在本合约内”、“依据本合约”。如:obligations hereunder,意为obligations under this agreement,即“本合约内的义务”。再如:rights granted hereunder,意为rights granted under this agreement,即“依本合约所赋予的权利”。
When I was very small, I like to watch Mickey Mouse very much. He is so funny and makes me laugh out loudly. Later, I have seen a lot of Disney animation, and all of them attract me. The films that Disney company makes have high quality, and the plots will never let me down. Maybe no other company can please so many children.
在我很小的时候,我就很喜欢看米老鼠。它很有趣,总是可以让我大声笑出来。之后,我看过很多迪斯尼动画,都很吸引我。迪斯尼公司生产高质量的电影,故事情节永远不会让我失望。也许没有其他公司能取悦这么多的孩子。
1。thereof
以”there”为前缀加上介词构成的词,如thereafter, thereby, therein, thereinafter, thereinbefore, thereon, thereof, thereunder, thereupon, therewith等,在文中具体指什么,需要读者依照合同的上下文来判断,因而理解起来比较复杂,请看下例:
This Agreement is written in the English language。 In case of any discrepancy between the English version and any translation thereof, the English text shall govern。 句中”the English version and any translation thereof”从上下文判断意为 “the English version and any translation of the English version”,即thereof一词代替of the English version。与以here开头的词如hereof的理解方法类似。
2。therein
该词意为in that, in that particular
context, in that respect,“在那里”,“在那点上”,“在那方面”,表示上文已提及的“合同中的”“工程中的”。如:the contract or any part thereof意为the contract or any part of the contract,合同或合同的任何部分。
3。thereto
该词意为:to that,“随附”,“附之”,如:“Contract Products” means the products specified in Appendix 2 to this Contract, together with all improvements and modifications thereof or developments with respect thereto。 句中or developments with respect thereto 意为:or developments with respect to the developments。
4。thereunder
该词意为:under that, “在其下”,“依照”,如:The Borrower fails to pay any amount payable thereunder as and when such amount shall become payable。 句中any amount payable thereunder意为any amount payable under the contract。
There are many admirable people around us, such as our parents, teachers, polices and so on. But the people I admire most are cleaners. Cleaners work hard silently very day to keep our city clean and beautiful. They get up early in host summer or cold winter when we are sleeping. They don’t work for themselves only, but for us, for our city. Sometimes, we think they are dirty and we don’t want to close to them. It’s not right. They clean our environment by their hard work.
在我们的身边,有许多值得敬佩的人,例如我们的父母、老师、警察等等,但最令我敬佩的人是清洁工。他们每天都默默地辛勤工作,保持城市的干净、美丽。无论是酷暑还是寒冬,我们正在熟睡,而他们去早早起床开始工作。他们不但是为自己工作,也是为了我们大家,为了我们的城市。有的时候,我们会觉得他们很脏,甚至不想靠近他们,这是不对的,他们通过自己的辛勤工作使环境清洁了。
1。Whereas
该词意为:considering that, “鉴于”,“就(而论”,常用于合同协议书的开头段落以引出合同双方订立合同的理由或依据。如:Whereas Party A desires to use the Patented Technology of Party B to manufacture and sell the Contract Products……鉴于甲方希望利用乙方的专利技术制造并销售合同产品。
2。Whereby
该词意为:by the agreement, by the following terms and conditions,“凭此协议”,“凭此条款”,常用于合同协议书中以引出合同当事人应承担的主要合同义务。如:
A sales contract refers to a contract whereby the seller transfers the ownership of an object to the buyer and the buyer pays the price for the object。 句中a contract whereby the seller transfers……意为:a contract by which the seller transfers……
以上是对外经贸合同英语中几个典型旧体词用词方面的重要的特点,笔者希望初涉外经贸合同的教师和学生予以留意,有针对性地学习,达到事半功倍的效果;也希望进行外贸合同写作时也能把握住这几个特点,写出好的外经贸合同,顺利地进行外贸业务往来。
你好!
广东的生活你现在一定习惯了,对吧!
最近我都快烦死了,之前脑抽和自己打赌,好死不死我好像快赌输了。脑细胞真不够,左思右想,冥思苦想和日思夜想,天天想还是找不到DA。是吧,你一定刚开始就知道我一定矛盾导致“挂”。我说和自己打赌时你说“厉害了”。这说明什么!哦的天!如此“帅气”的我快要变“衰气”了,我之前认为我一定能以流星划过星空的时间思考,眨眨眼的速度回答的。可都没有。我现在以360度无限回头想的.速度去想,还没找到DA回答个屁!L极度怀疑人生中。
烦心事那么多,故事那么长,即便心中有千言万语想说,可真要说的时候,又哽住了。I,我知道你近来烦心的事比我还多,所以我在QQ上也沉默了。毕竟你们都那么忙我还去打扰就真不对了。哎I,真的觉得Ta很烦就点击“删除好友”,别一整天困自己在那些琐事里。你管那是不是你的风格干什么,先自己轻松再说,一整天因Ta的“神经式烦人”而烦心,你不累我看着也累,替你累,在学校我想的都是你们啊。
一群不让人省心的“娃”。让我一整天瞎操心。没办法唉,遇到了你们,我是得有幸的“操心”的。当初你和Ta反向走时你不一样“脚步自带风,眼泪无一滴”吗!
为你等待晴空的雨宝
20XX年9月28日
按要求写单词:
old(反义词___________short(比较级____________watch(现在分词_____________donot(缩写形式_________do(第三人称单数_________shorter(反义词__________his(名词性物主代词_________one(序数词___________bus(复数___________my(名词性物主代词__________
用所给动词的.适当形式填空:
1、Peter_______(liketoplayfootball.
2.Dannysometimes_________(gotothebeach.
3.What_____you_____(donow?I___________(gotothecinema.
4.Howold______(beBenandKitty?
5.Inever__________(playthepianowithmybrother.
6.LiMing_________(workhardinschool.
7.Hong_________(havesomechickensbefore.
8.Danny_______(getupatfiveo’clockyesterdaymorning.
9.Look!They______________(sitonthechairs.
10.He________(swiminthepondyesterday.
按要求写单词:
old(反义词___________short(比较级____________watch(现在分词_____________donot(缩写形式_________do(第三人称单数_________shorter(反义词__________his(名词性物主代词_________one(序数词___________bus(复数___________my(名词性物主代词__________
用所给动词的适当形式填空:
1、Peter_______(liketoplayfootball.
2.Dannysometimes_________(gotothebeach.
3.What_____you_____(donow?I___________(gotothecinema.
4.Howold______(beBenandKitty?
5.Inever__________(playthepianowithmybrother.
6.LiMing_________(workhardinschool.
7.Hong_________(havesomechickensbefore.
8.Danny_______(getupatfiveo’clockyesterdaymorning.
9.Look!They______________(sitonthechairs.
10.He________(swiminthepondyesterday.
按要求写单词:
old(反义词___________short(比较级____________watch(现在分词_____________donot(缩写形式_________do(第三人称单数_________shorter(反义词__________his(名词性物主代词_________one(序数词___________bus(复数___________my(名词性物主代词__________
用所给动词的适当形式填空:
1、Peter_______(liketoplayfootball.
2.Dannysometimes_________(gotothebeach.
3.What_____you_____(donow?I___________(gotothecinema.
4.Howold______(beBenandKitty?
5.Inever__________(playthepianowithmybrother.
6.LiMing_________(workhardinschool.
7.Hong_________(havesomechickensbefore.
8.Danny_______(getupatfiveo’clockyesterdaymorning.
9.Look!They______________(sitonthechairs.
10.He________(swiminthepondyesterday.
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