1。hereby
该词意为by means of , by reason of this, by this agreement,“特此”,“因此”,“兹”,“在此”。此词常用作法律、经贸文件、合同、协议书等正式文件的开头语,在合同条款中需特别强调时也可用,表示当事人借此合约,要宣示某种具有法律效力的“意思表示”,如保证、同意、放弃权利等,一般放于主语后,紧邻主语。如:The Company hereby covenants and warrants that…… 意为:By this agreement the Company covenants and warrants that……即:公司在此保证……再如:Both parties hereby agree that……意为:By this agreement both parties agree that……即:双方当事人在此同意……
2。hereof
该词意为:of this agreement,“关于此点”;“在本文件中”,表示上文已提及的“本合同的、本文件的……”,一般置于要修饰的名词的后面,与之紧邻。如:to take effect on the date hereof 意为:to take effect on the date of this agreement 即:于本合约之日期生效。再如:the headings of the sections hereof 意为:the headings of the sections of this agreement 即:本合约各条款之标题。
3。hereto
该词意为:to this agreement,“至此”,“在此”,表示上文已提及的“本合同的……本文件的……”,一般置于要修饰的`名词的后面,与之紧邻。如:both parties hereto 意为both parties to this agreement,即本合约之当事人双方;items specified in Attachment I and hereto 意为:items specified in Attachment I to this agreement 即:本合约之附件I所列之各项。
4。herein
该词意为:in this agreement,“此中”,“于此”,表示上文已提及的“本合同(中)的……,本法(中)的……”等,一般置于所修饰词后,紧邻所修饰词。如:to file a suit in the court agreed to herein 意为:to file a suit in the court agreed to in this agreement 即:向当事人于本合约中同意管辖的法院提起诉讼;再如:to follow the terms and conditions herein 意为:to follow the terms and conditions in this agreement,即:遵守本合约所规定的条件。
5。hereinafter
该词意为:later in the same Contract,“以下”,“在下文”,一般与to be referred to as, referred to as, called 等词组连用,以避免重复。
6。hereunder
该词意为:under this agreement,“在本合约内”、“依据本合约”。如:obligations hereunder,意为obligations under this agreement,即“本合约内的义务”。再如:rights granted hereunder,意为rights granted under this agreement,即“依本合约所赋予的权利”。
1。Whereas
该词意为:considering that, “鉴于”,“就(而论”,常用于合同协议书的开头段落以引出合同双方订立合同的理由或依据。如:Whereas Party A desires to use the Patented Technology of Party B to manufacture and sell the Contract Products……鉴于甲方希望利用乙方的专利技术制造并销售合同产品。
2。Whereby
该词意为:by the agreement, by the following terms and conditions,“凭此协议”,“凭此条款”,常用于合同协议书中以引出合同当事人应承担的主要合同义务。如:
A sales contract refers to a contract whereby the seller transfers the ownership of an object to the buyer and the buyer pays the price for the object。 句中a contract whereby the seller transfers……意为:a contract by which the seller transfers……
以上是对外经贸合同英语中几个典型旧体词用词方面的重要的特点,笔者希望初涉外经贸合同的教师和学生予以留意,有针对性地学习,达到事半功倍的效果;也希望进行外贸合同写作时也能把握住这几个特点,写出好的外经贸合同,顺利地进行外贸业务往来。
Beijing time, in the early morning of August 5th, Sun Yang defend title successfully with the score of 14 points 41 seconds 15 in 2013 swimming world championships men's 1500 meter freestyle finals. This is the third gold medal in this tournament for Sun Yang as well as the fifth goal of China’s swimming, which is slower 10 second 13 than the result of the London Olympic Games when Sun Yang achieves the champion. Sun Yang uses the score of his fifth goal in his career life to tie with the medal record that Luo Xuejuan keeps in the Chinese swimmer World Championship. He also becomes the person after Hackett in the 2005 Montreal World Championships and a single tournament winning the gold medal of “the king of long distance " in men’s 400, 800 and 1500 meter freestyle.
北京时间8月5日凌晨,2013年游泳世锦赛男子1500米自由泳决赛,孙杨以14分41秒15的成绩赢得金牌成功卫冕,这是孙杨本届赛事第三枚金牌,也是中国泳军收获的第五金,这一成绩比伦敦奥运会夺冠时慢了10秒13。 孙杨也以生涯五枚金牌的成绩,追平罗雪娟保持的中国游泳选手世锦赛夺金纪录,并且成为继哈克特在2005年蒙特利尔世锦赛后,又一位单届赛事包揽男子400、800和1500米自由泳金牌的“中长距离之王”!
Dear Sir/Madam:
As a teacher at xxxx school, I am writing to provide you a recommendation for Miss/Mr.xx so as to help you assess her/his application for acceptance into your program and consideration for financial aid.
Considered a promising student with originality and sophistication in her/his thinking, (she/he was asked, in the spring semester of 2008, to develop a subsystem of a DBMS project for her B.S.thesis, for which I was the chief leader. T
his subsystem was designed to manage the information of materials in NO.1 Foundry Plant of Dongfeng Auto Works.To do the job, she/he read many books about software engineering and took some courses in Database Principles and Management. Keenly aware that the design of a DBMS decides the quality of the whole software system, she did her/his utmost from the beginning of the project.(参加过什么活动. From analyzing users requirements to designing the whole system, from the detailed designing to the final programming, she was very level-headed and full of innovation every step of the way. Taking full advantage of her ability and creativity, she firmly focused herself on her objective and gnored all distractions. She successfully reached her goal. In the final software testing, only a few bugs were found in her subsystem. My appreciation of her talelent was thus confirmed.Miss is a very personable woman, friendly and helpful, and she has always been a team player in her work.
I would greatly appreciate it if you could give her application for candidacy to your Ph.D. program favorable consideration. Should you need any further information in your deliberation, please do not hesitate to contact me.
Sincerely xxxx
昨天,老师带着我们一、二年级的小朋友去植物园春游。虽然从学校到植物园有些远,可这一路上,同学们还是有说有笑。
公路两旁的田野里最抢眼的要数那金灿灿的`油菜花了,就像绿地毯上缝着一个个黄格子。春风把公路两旁的山都换上了绿装,清清的小河沿着公路静静地流着,花瓣儿洒了小河一身。
走了好久,我们终于来到了植物园。植物园的桃花盛开了,远远望去就像一片粉红的朝霞。艳丽的月季花也竞相开放,一朵朵的花儿就像在参加选美大赛。不远处的池塘里,鱼儿互相追逐着,还有一群群的小蝌蚪正在找妈妈。池塘边的柳树已经长出了新叶子,长长的绿辫子正随风摆动。一阵风吹来,小树林里的树叶都飘落下来,像漫天飞舞的紫蝴蝶。春天怎么会落叶呢,我仔细一看这些飘落下来的树叶都是紫红的,我想那是春风姐姐在为小树换新装吧。
我们走累了,老师和我们就在这片小树林里休息了。有几个同学在打牌,人虽然小,可脑子却很灵活;有几个小朋友一起放风筝,一个拿着风筝另一个跑着,虽然跑了半天没有放飞成功,但他们还是很开心;还有的小朋友干脆就躺在草地上享受日光浴……
植物园的春光真美,有了我们的这春光更美了。
今天,爸爸妈妈带我去了植物园。
保定植物园位于保定市区的北部,总占地110公顷,全园以植物造景为主,主要展示各种植物姿态和多种植物相互搭配的自然野趣。至今引进各种植物500余种。
我经过南门前的广场,看见门口巨大石头上写着:保定植物园。抬头看见几棵高大的人工树木造景互相缠绕。进入园内首先看到第一组景观:花园大道,长315米,宽40米,主景为中间22米的绿色景观区。花园大道东侧是春花园,西侧是秋色园,此园一年四季彩叶缤纷,在秋高气爽只时,漫步园中,那红彤彤、黄橙橙的秋叶秋果更是美不胜收。
秋色园的正北方向是尧园,尧园面积138亩,其中水面面积59亩,并与竹园水系形成统一水系,展示唐尧文化,也是目前河北省最大的岩生园景竹园水系区。园内规划有各式桥梁9座,设有水榭、木亭、木栈台、花架等建筑小品,并建有尧母洞、先祖洞,洞内有展示我国神话传说的壁画。尧洞东侧是树木园,它包括竹园、忍冬园、木樨园、槐香园、蔷薇园……
我们顺路游览到了植物园的北边,我给大家介绍植物园,希望大家有时间去那里呼吸一下新鲜空气。
My favorite sports star------ Sun Yang
Born on December 1, 1991 in Zhejiang Province, Sun Yang is very tall and the height is 1.99 meters. He was from a sports family.
He won the China's first gold medal in men's swimming game. He worked a miracle. Sun Yang is not only gifted but also diligent. He keeps training and has tenacious willpower; these are worth learning by other people. Sun Yang is a new frontrunner at the sports worlds.
Sun Yang is very popular with the young. He is adorable, charming, childlike and cool. He is kind and has the vigor of youth, and he is a little shy. But Sun Yang is easy-going, always with a smile on his face when he faces our. He sings well and sounds beautiful. To my surprise, he likes dolls very much.
Sun Yang sets us a good example, and Sun Yang has set a new world record of swimming, of which the whole country’s people are proud
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