1。thereof
以”there”为前缀加上介词构成的词,如thereafter, thereby, therein, thereinafter, thereinbefore, thereon, thereof, thereunder, thereupon, therewith等,在文中具体指什么,需要读者依照合同的上下文来判断,因而理解起来比较复杂,请看下例:
This Agreement is written in the English language。 In case of any discrepancy between the English version and any translation thereof, the English text shall govern。 句中”the English version and any translation thereof”从上下文判断意为 “the English version and any translation of the English version”,即thereof一词代替of the English version。与以here开头的词如hereof的理解方法类似。
2。therein
该词意为in that, in that particular
context, in that respect,“在那里”,“在那点上”,“在那方面”,表示上文已提及的“合同中的”“工程中的”。如:the contract or any part thereof意为the contract or any part of the contract,合同或合同的任何部分。
3。thereto
该词意为:to that,“随附”,“附之”,如:“Contract Products” means the products specified in Appendix 2 to this Contract, together with all improvements and modifications thereof or developments with respect thereto。 句中or developments with respect thereto 意为:or developments with respect to the developments。
4。thereunder
该词意为:under that, “在其下”,“依照”,如:The Borrower fails to pay any amount payable thereunder as and when such amount shall become payable。 句中any amount payable thereunder意为any amount payable under the contract。
Dear Dad,
Thank you very much for your letter written to me. In your letter , you not only expressed your expectation to me , but also showed all your love to me . I was deeply moved . Thanks again ,Daddy .You said ," I hope you get bravery and perseverance, and can quickly grasp living skills like a lion ". Now I want to tell you that I will try my best to do everything well and live up to your expectations . Dear father , you are a great lion in my mind .
When I am absent mind , when I am depressed, you , my dear father is always there . Your advice and encouragement guide me through many difficulties . Thank you , Dad, for your help and understanding.
I love you , Dad ,forever!
Dear dad,
It’s so late,almost 11:00 at night.Have you entered into the sweet dream yet?I haven’t seen you for a long time.I miss you so much.Can you hear my sincere words?Maybe you’ll never know I miss you so much!
Do you still remember the happy days when we were all together?During those days we were full of sunshine.You and mum often took brother and me to the park.We always saw the ice-cream tear.Sometimes,you stayed at home and cooked some delicious food for us.We often waited for you and played with you.You could lift me very high.We always had a good time.You also concerned about my lesson.But you have never chastised me and lectured me.You were full of thoughts for me.What’s more,you were my best father in my heart.You were the envy of my friends.I was happy for a long time.But now,all things have changed.You can’t take care of me.You aren’t at home all day.Sometimes,I go to bed late,but I still can’t see you.Are you busy?No!you often play cards with your work friends in the factory.So you can’t go back home early.I’m angry to hear that!Do you know?If you don’t come back,we’ll worry about you.I often see you and mum should divorce in my dream.I’m very scared,because I want to have a happy family.I can’t control my tears and often suffer from insomnia the whole night.
Dad,I want to see you and talk with you.But I have no courage to tell you.But I hope you can care our family.Dad!Could you hear my voice?
Hope you keep healthy and best wishes.
1。Whereas
该词意为:considering that, “鉴于”,“就(而论”,常用于合同协议书的开头段落以引出合同双方订立合同的理由或依据。如:Whereas Party A desires to use the Patented Technology of Party B to manufacture and sell the Contract Products……鉴于甲方希望利用乙方的专利技术制造并销售合同产品。
2。Whereby
该词意为:by the agreement, by the following terms and conditions,“凭此协议”,“凭此条款”,常用于合同协议书中以引出合同当事人应承担的主要合同义务。如:
A sales contract refers to a contract whereby the seller transfers the ownership of an object to the buyer and the buyer pays the price for the object。 句中a contract whereby the seller transfers……意为:a contract by which the seller transfers……
以上是对外经贸合同英语中几个典型旧体词用词方面的重要的特点,笔者希望初涉外经贸合同的教师和学生予以留意,有针对性地学习,达到事半功倍的效果;也希望进行外贸合同写作时也能把握住这几个特点,写出好的外经贸合同,顺利地进行外贸业务往来。
dear teacher ,
i am writing to you to express my thanks for your help in learning english and speaking english.
during these days in your class, i have learned much from you and it is very helpful to me. firstly, you let me know what is the west thinking pattern—straight thinking pattern. and, i think, it is very important to understand the west’s thoughts. as you know, this can help me with my examination and interaction with foreigners. secondly, i have got enough confidence in speaking in english from your class and it took me a long time to gain this confidence. now, i always express my ideas in english as possible as i can. it’s great to do that. the last not the least, i find that learning english is not an boring thing as before and i’m interested in studying english which was just a necessary task to pass examinations. reading, listening or speaking all become interesting and i really enjoy it.
above all, i want to say thanks again to you. and thank you for your time.
good luck ^_^
Dear dad and mum,
Today is Thanksgiving Day,so I want to write a letter to you.I know you are kind and helpful to me.You cook meals and wash clothes for me every day.At the weekend,you often prepare some of my favorite food.Sometimes you also help me with my lessons.I know you are very strict with me,but when I make a mistake,you first listen to me and then have a talk with me instead of just complaining about it.You always try to understand me.I think that is a good way for a child to grow up.With your care,I am living and studying happily,so I want to say "I love you,dad and mum" .
Yours
Baby
Dear mom:
A: hello!
Mom this is my first time to write to you, so some shame.
How are you recently? Have a smooth work! How your mood these days, I have no dont care you one day.
How much I miss you, do you give me the rice, how delicious, I often dream of in the evening I went to the kitchen to steal to eat the food you do.
Mom you sit down and rest for a while! Dont be so hard to cook for us after work every day, every day we wash clothes... Every time after the meal, I want to help you wash the dishes, you say you dont have to tube chores, you just mind your own learning. Himself out of one eye, I am full of tears.
Ah! Mother I love you.
I wish you the best
Healthy body, the work is smooth.
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