Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先,提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段:提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段:正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段:摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次,提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性,连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity:段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛,也不可太具体,做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明,另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence:关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰,层层展开。
完整性(completeness:以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头,这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次,提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型:It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单,注意练习并接句的使用,会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as,如:
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头,句式简单,我们可以通过把since提前改变句式,如:
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后,提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法:millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论,辩论”的意思,而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.,相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略:使用最近所学的单词,如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后,我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文,以供参考:
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
Giant Panda is our national treasure, the state can be said for the protection of giant pandas put a lot of human and material resources giant now has been the world's people the protection and care, which is a good thing, of course, the Tibetan antelope as the country's animal protection , The National People have been recognized, however, this tiger? The poor will be extinct Siberian tiger who is going to have a genuine concern and care a little bit?
According to statistics, the Siberian tiger left at present, less than 20, still such a small number of these survive, has had imagined. Two years ago, in the mountains of Huanren, Liaoning found to be a man to die under the presentation of the Siberian tiger, from this we can see that the above countries and the people of the importance we attach to it, this first Manchurian tiger is actually how the dead do not Conclusion, and the other is only from the northeast where hu came to the place where the wonder and the third is the matter did not rise to the national media in particular. This really puzzled the other person you! Is it really the other tiger who fear love is not worth it, it really fate of the Siberian tiger so?
Towering mountains should not unique to human beings, should not have dense forest unique to human beings, rivers clear this should not be unique to human beings, the Siberian tiger survival of this nature should not be unique to human beings. Siberian tiger to the left of a piece of heaven and earth to survive it, the High IQ is the human species, there are still ways to leave that piece of local survival, and the tiger have to leave that piece of the local dead; you save tigers, is the human population control, engage in Family planning, and the Siberian tiger is scarce Rending it! Now we can hear the cries of tigers in the future even the Siberian tiger can be heard the cries.
Tiger is one of the most valueable animals to human beings today. It is somehow like a cat, but much bigger than it. It lives in the forest, and feeds on small animals.
Nowadays, the number of the wild tiger is becoming small and small. Maybe there will be no tiger any more if people continue cutting the trees, destorying the living environment or hunt the tiger just for the skin. We must stop all these mistakes. We should protect them, because the world without tiger is not a completed one.
Tiger is one of the most valueable animals to human beings today. It is somehow like a cat, but much bigger than it. It lives in the forest, and feeds on small animals.
Nowadays, the number of the wild tiger is becoming small and small. Maybe there will be no tiger any more if people continue cutting the trees, destorying the living environment or hunt the tiger just for the skin. We must stop all these mistakes. We should protect them, because the world without tiger is not a completed one.
How to prevent the H7N9?
As is well known,the A flu is spreading throught our country. However, if we negnect it, the deadly H7N9 may cause more infectors,or even more deaths. So what is the most important is that we should take some effective measures to prevent it.They can be listed as follows.
Firstly,it is necessary for you to realize the Avian flu can be prevented if you develop good living habits. For example,you shouldn’t forget to wash your hands before meals.Besides,don’t spit everywhere and try to cover your mouth or nose with paper or hankerchiefs when you have to cough or sneeze.What’s more, remember to wear the mouth-cover if you have to go to the public places, such as the crowded cinemas,supermarkets, buses,where the A flu may spread easily.
Secondly,of course, taking exercise more often and taking good sleep to build your body are wise choices for you to reduce the risk of being infected.
Last but not the least, if you are unlucky to be infected with the slight flu cold, try to stay at home,and take some medicine. Do pay attention to your daily body temperature. If you have a high fever, go to the hospital without delay for further treatment. Make sure you are not expected to come back to school before the cold or flu is cured.
Only by doing like this can you prevent or defeat the A flu in the end.
那么,怎样做到保护环境从我做起呢?
首先,我们应该提高认识,遵守社会公德和具备良好品德。保护环境是一种公德,即公共道德,是在不同的社会制度并存的时候,整个人类都应具有的行为规范。在地球环境日立益恶化的今天,爱护地球的环境,是地球上每一个人的责任,每个人都应该具有这种公德。有的人为了自己的私利而破坏环境,就不具备这种公德。同时,保持环境是社会主义两个文明建设的组成部份。保护环境既是物质文明的内容,又是精神文明的内容。没有一定的物质基储一定的投资,保护环境就是一句空话。但是,如果人们精神不文明,再多的投资,再好的设备,也搞不好环境保护。我们每个公民都有了这种认识,都具备的美德,就会以自觉得爱护树木,草地和野生动物等,就会与不爱护环境的行为作斗争,从而形成爱护环境,保护环境的良好社会风气。
保护环境,从我做起,就是要把保护环境时刻记在心上。在经济高速发展的今天,环境污染,生态破坏,几乎每时每刻、各行各业、全国各地都在发生。只要我们每个人立足本身,时刻想到环境保护,就会从大局出发,自觉地保护环境,养成爱护环境的习惯。
保护环境,从我做起,就是要随时随地为保护环境尽自己努力。保护环境不仅在工作岗位上能作出贡献,在日常生活中也同样能作出贡献。例如,在日常生活中,每个人都减少一次性塑料袋的.使用,减少或不使用一次性筷子和饭盒,不使用纸巾而使用手绢,不随便丢使用过的电池,节约每一滴水、每一度电,使用录音机、电视机、乐器时音量不过大,不为了自己一时的方便或乐趣而践踏草地、采摘花木,不随便丢弃垃圾,不贪图享受和赶时髦而去吃野生动物……如果人人都注意保护环境,从我做起,我们的生活环境就会有很大改善。世界上一些发达的资本主义国家,经历了20世纪50年代和60年代环境公害的困扰,经过二三十年的努力,才使环境有了较大的改观,人们已养成爱护环境的习惯。作为具有传统美德的中华民族的成员,应该是资本主义社会的人民能做到的,我们社会主义社会的人民也能做到,而且比他们做得更好。
保护环境,从我做起,还要有主人翁的精神,具有一种保护环境的责任感。对那些随意污染和环境的行为敢于作间争,敢于制止。例如,有一位外国人初到瑞士,人生地不熟。他有一次停车在街道旁,一位妇女走过来,严肃地对他说,要么把车开走,要么把“火”熄灭。他问,为什么?那位妇女说,停车不熄火,岂不污染空气?这位妇女的行为就体现出一种热爱和保护自己生存环境的美德和责任感。
只有我们每个人都能真正做到“保护环境,从我做起”,才能遏制目前环境日益恶化的趋势,我们的生存环境才会有较大的改观。对于一个来说是这样,对一个国家来说也是这样。
保护环境=保护地球=保护自己
为了保护人类的摇篮——地球,让我们都从我做起吧!
简评:说理性很强的文章,围绕“为什么要保护环境”“怎么保护环境”有理有据地展开议论,是篇较好的议论文。
理清了学校的组织结构,并弄清了其运行机制,要实现学校的高效运转,就把各个不同的部门和不同的岗位协调、整合起来,以实现组织目标,撬动学校高效运转的油门。
在书中,李希贵校长对支持人员、研发平台、教育教学一线、战略高层、中层管理者这五个部分进行了新的制度设计,每部分内容都辅之以北京十一学校具体的实践案例,便于读者参考操作。在学校运行机制这一部分,最终指向的是教育教学一线,这也是本书研究的重点。
“良好的教育重在过程,成绩是水到渠成的自然结果。”李希贵校长不以分数作为考核教育教学一线效益的标准,他强调从三个方面考核教育教学一线的效益:一是师生关系;二是学生学分情况,也就是学生在德智体美劳各方面都必须获得规定的学分的情况;三是教学成绩。学校并不排斥好的成绩,但会引导教师在教育教学实践中把握好尺度,一方面不能以牺牲学生的全面发展为代价,另一方面要以科学的态度和符合规律的方式去追求分数。有了这样的教育理念,学校运行才不会在运行中失去教育的本真,偏离运行的轨道。
李希贵校长提出,通过调整资源配置方式来调整工作重点,是战略高层的运作方式,要在校园里创造市场,运用市场法则,把人才流动机制引进校园,把合适的人放在合适的位置,做到人尽其才。为解决纵向管理中出现的基层对信息的屏蔽的问题,书中提出让双线监督成为纵向管理的标配,除了正常的上级对下属的直接监督之外,还有设置另外一条监督的通道,一般由非直接上下级,包括第三方实施监督。
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