Ⅰ、阅读训练
苏州园林里都有假山和池沼。假山的堆叠,可以说是一项艺术而不仅是技术。或者是重峦叠嶂,或者是几座小山配合着竹子花木,全在乎设计者和匠师们生平多阅历,胸中有丘壑,才能使游览者攀登的时候忘却苏州城市,只觉得身在山间。至于池沼,大多引用活水。有些园林池沼宽畅,就把池沼作为全园的中心,其他景物配合着布置。水面假如成河道模样,往往安排桥梁。假如安排两座以上的桥梁,那就一座一个样,决不雷同。池沼或河道的边沿很少砌齐整的石岸,总是高低屈曲任其自然。还在那儿布置几块玲珑的石头,或者种些花草:这也是为了取得从各个角度看都成一幅画的效果。池沼里养着金鱼或各色鲤鱼,夏秋季节荷花或睡莲开放。游览者看“鱼戏莲叶间”,又是入画的一景。
1、这段文字说明的对象是[ ],其中又以[ ]为主。
2、首句的“假山和池沼”能否换成“池沼和假山”?为什么?
3、苏州园林假山和池沼的共同特征是[ ]
4、这段文字说明的中心是( )。
5、第二句话中的“艺术”与“技术”的词序能否对调?为什么?
6.这段文字的说明顺序是( )
7.游览者“忘却苏州城市,只觉得身在山间”的原因是什么?(用原文回答)
(三)课外阅读
(一)①雨林的消失,意味着人类将永久丧失一大批物种。物种将濒临灭绝。很多物种现在就遭到危险。橙色皮毛的猩猩(因其脸像人脸,被称为“森林老人”过去在亚洲的任何地方都可以看到。由于其栖息地遭到极大破坏,这种在树上生活的惟一的一种大猩猩越来越少,只能在印度尼西亚苏门答腊和婆罗洲找到。
……
②为何要摧毁如此珍贵的资源呢?有一定的原因。伐木公司砍伐大量树木,将硬木木材运往各国销售。顺便说一下,日本是世界上最大的热带木材进口国,每年用木材生产的大量一次性木筷子,可以建造1.1万间住宅。
③在雨林区,砍掉树木、兴建牧场的做法也很普遍。然而这种做法的效率极低。据估计,需毁掉6平方米的巴西雨林方可换得100克汉堡包。人们都不会想到,雨林的土壤居然又薄又脆弱,几场大雨可冲走所有的表土。用不了几年时间牧场主就得放弃原来的牧场,去寻找新的牧场。
④砍伐和焚烧热带雨林远不止毁灭无数的动植物物种。地球上生命多样性的毁灭意味着破坏人们赖以生存的大气。这是一种连锁反应。
……
⑤利用“刀耕火种”毁林兴建农场造成了双重后果。首先,砍伐林木减少了光和作用,最终造成大气中二氧化碳浓度增加,同时也会减少大气中生命必不可少的氧气含量。其次,放火毁林产生的大量二氧化碳,造成环境进一步恶化。这样,最后只能是带来灾难性的气候变化,冰川融解,洪水泛滥。这不是一般性的灾难,它会造成更多的动植物死亡。
11.选文采用的是什么说明顺序?
12.第③段画线句运用了什么说明方法,有什么作用?
13.第④段在结构上有什么作用?
14.请你设计一条公益广告,警示人们增强环保意识。
1. It is fun at school.
改成否定句__________________________________________
改成一般疑问句______________________________________
肯定回答_____________________________________________
否定回答_____________________________________________
2.I like grapes.
改成否定句__________________________________________
改成一般疑问句______________________________________
肯定回答_____________________________________________
否定回答_____________________________________________
3. Miss Green is a good English teacher.
改成否定句__________________________________________
改成一般疑问句______________________________________
肯定回答_____________________________________________
否定回答_____________________________________________
4. Norman likes maths.
改成否定句__________________________________________
改成一般疑问句______________________________________
肯定回答_____________________________________________
否定回答_____________________________________________
5. Jim is watching TV.
改成否定句__________________________________________
改成一般疑问句______________________________________
肯定回答_____________________________________________
否定回答_____________________________________________
6.There are so many animals.
改成否定句__________________________________________
改成一般疑问句______________________________________
肯定回答_____________________________________________
否定回答_____________________________________________
7.I can hear something in the next room.
改成否定句__________________________________________
改成一般疑问句______________________________________
肯定回答_____________________________________________
否定回答_____________________________________________
8. I’ve got the letter“n”.
改成否定句__________________________________________
改成一般疑问句______________________________________
肯定回答_____________________________________________
否定回答_____________________________________________
9. MMike has got a picture of Shanghai.
改成否定句__________________________________________
改成一般疑问句______________________________________
肯定回答_____________________________________________
否定回答_____________________________________________
10.There’s a big playroom in our school.
改成否定句__________________________________________
改成一般疑问句______________________________________
肯定回答_____________________________________________
否定回答_____________________________________________
11. They have got some bananas.
改成否定句__________________________________________
改成一般疑问句______________________________________
肯定回答_____________________________________________
否定回答_____________________________________________
12. Tom and Jim are watching a match.
改成否定句__________________________________________
改成一般疑问句______________________________________
肯定回答_____________________________________________
否定回答_____________________________________________
13. I want some carnations for my mother.
改成否定句__________________________________________
改成一般疑问句______________________________________
肯定回答_____________________________________________
否定回答_____________________________________________
14. Those are roses.
改成否定句__________________________________________
改成一般疑问句______________________________________
肯定回答_____________________________________________
否定回答_____________________________________________
匀称(chèn 惟妙惟肖(xiào 推崇 巧妙绝伦 刹(chà那 驻(zhù足 失之毫厘,差之千里 轩(xuān榭(xiè 胸中有丘壑(hè 嶙(lín峋(xún 镂空(lòu 蔷薇 因地制宜 重峦叠嶂(zhàng 御(yù道 磬(qìng 鎏(liú金 雍(yōng正 攒(zǎn 琉璃 蟠(pán龙 中轴线 伧(cāng俗 帷幕 雅俗之分 竺(zhú可桢(zhēn 孕育 翩(piān然 销声匿(nì迹 风雪载(zài途 农谚 榆叶 连翘 衰草连天 周而复始 草长莺飞 蟾蜍 囊(náng 繁衍 胚胎 鳞片 脊(jǐ椎 (zhuī 两栖(qī 相安无事潮汐 褶(zhě皱(zhòu 遗骸(hái 劫难(nàn 致密 追溯(sù 天衣无缝 归咎(jiù 藩(fān篱 啸 (xiào聚山林 栖(qī息 监控 在劫难逃 五彩斑斓 束手无策 物竞天择 无动于衷 潜(qián意识 过滤 顷(qǐng刻 面颊(jiá 喷嚏(tì 激荡 嘈(cáo杂 唠唠(láo叨叨(dāo 充耳不闻 视而不见
解答第1题,先要整体把握文意,明确第一段末句的几点意思对下文的作用,据此就能一举两得,揭开“顺序”和“结构”之谜。
第2题,解答①要弄清下定义和作诠释的根本区别,用换位法(主语与连同定语在内的宾语互换位置)加以鉴别,换后意思不变的是下定义,换后意思发生逻辑错误了,就是作诠释。解答②,目光要在“航空照片”、“飞机航拍”和“人工”上聚焦,并揣摩作者的用意,就不难看出意在用它们跟遥感卫星的工作效率用比较,以突出遥感卫星工作效率高的优点。
解答第3题,只要扣住“仅”和“还”这两个副词,答案就会撩开面纱。
第4题,解答①要看到“一直”是与“长期以来”相照应的,便可揣摩出它对查找“内在原因”的难度之大起了强调作用。解答②,要联系上文理解,会很快排除A和B,却可能会在C和D中犹豫不决,但只要联系“长期以来”和“一直找不出”去揣摩,你就会觉得选C才是准确的。
初稿
As is shown above, a leader father is sitting in the chair with a seal grasping in the hand, and a lot of money beside him. He seriously said to his son that there is more to life than just money -it is power. Simple as the picture is, but a profound truth is reveled in the picture.
I surely disagree with father ’s philosophy. As a leader, he shouldn ’t use his power to make money. It is his duty to serve people wholeheartedly, just one person said “with great power comes great responsibility ”. If he stick to his philosophy. I believe that he will spend the rest of his life in prison. What’s worse, he could affect his son ’s philosophy, guiding him in the opposite direction , nothing can be done to reverse the trend itself. The only solution is to change father ’s philosophy. Because of many greedy officials in China, it is time to reverse the trend itself by establishing new policy. As Chinese always has been our confidence that we can change for the better and better.
In my opinion, there is more to to life than just money -it is happiness, nothing is important than happiness. We can live a colorful life in our spare time.
自评
As is shown above, a leader father is sitting in the chair with a seal grasping in the hand, and a lot of money beside him. He seriously said to his son that there is more to life than just money it is power. Simple as the picture is, but a profound truth is reveled in the picture.
I surely disagree with father ’s philosophy. As a leader, he shouldn ’t use his power to make money. It is his duty to serve people wholeheartedly, just one person said “with great power comes great responsibility ”. If he stick to his philosophy. I believe that he will spend the rest of his life in prison. What’s worse, he could affect his son ’s philosophy, guiding him in the opposite direction , nothing can be done to reverse the trend itself. The only solution is to change father ’s philosophy. Because of many greedy officials in China, it is time to reverse the trend itself by establishing new policy. As Chinese always has been our confidence that we can change for the better and better.
In my opinion, there is more to life than just money it is happiness, nothing is important than happiness. We can live a colorful life in our spare time.
评分:23
互评(刘兴顺评)
As is shown above, a leader father is sitting in the chair with a seal grasping in the hand, and a lot of money beside him. He seriously said to his son that there is more to life than just money it is power. Simple as the picture is, but a profound truth is reveled in the picture.
I surely disagree with father ’s philosophy. As a leader, he shouldn ’t use his power to make money. It is his duty to serve people wholeheartedly, just one person said “with great power comes great responsibility ”. If he stick to his philosophy. I believe that he will spend the rest of his life in prison. What’s worse, he could affect his son ’s philosophy, guiding him in the opposite direction , nothing can be done to reverse the trend itself. The only solution is to change father ’s philosophy. Because of many greedy officials in China, it is time to reverse the trend itself by establishing new policy. As Chinese always has been our confidence that we can change for the better and better.
In my opinion, there is more to life than just money -it is happiness, nothing is important than happiness. We can live a colorful life in our spare time.
评分:23
互评(战越评)
As is shown above, a leader father is sitting in the chair with a seal grasping in the hand, and a lot of money beside him. He seriously said to his son that there is more to life than just money it is power. Simple as the picture is, but a profound truth is reveled in the picture.
I surely disagree with father ’s philosophy. As a leader, he shouldn ’t use his power to make money. It is his duty to serve people wholeheartedly, just one person said “with great power comes great responsibility ”. If he stick to his philosophy. I believe that he will spend the rest of his life in prison. What’s worse, he could affect his son ’s philosophy, guiding him in the opposite direction , nothing can be done to reverse the trend itself. The only solution is to change father ’s philosophy. Because of many greedy officials in China, it is time to reverse the trend itself by establishing new policy. As Chinese always has been our confidence that we can change for the better and better.
In my opinion, there is more to life than just money -it is happiness, nothing is important than happiness. We can live a colorful life in our spare time.
评分:
互评(李春霞评)
As is shown above, a leader father is sitting in the chair with a seal grasping in the hand, and a lot of money beside him. He seriously said to his son that there is more to life than just money it is power. Simple as the picture is, but a profound truth is reveled in the picture.
I surely disagree with father ’s philosophy. As a leader, he shouldn ’t use his power to make money. It is his duty to serve people wholeheartedly, just one person said “with great power comes great responsibility ”. If he stick to his philosophy. I believe that he will spend the rest of his life in prison. What’s worse, he could affect his son ’s philosophy, guiding him in the opposite direction , nothing can be done to reverse the trend itself. The only solution is to change father ’s philosophy. Because of many greedy officials in China, it is time to reverse the trend itself by establishing new policy. As Chinese always has been our confidence that we can change for the better and better.
In my opinion, there is more to life than just money -it is happiness, nothing is important than happiness. We can live a colorful life in our spare time.
评分:
遥感卫星
①信息技术革命,是传送信息技术的更新,是获取信息手段的突破。获取人类认识世界的一些深层次关键信息是至关重要的。a遥感卫星就是人类获取重要信息的重要工具。它远在太空就可以看清人们在地面察觉不到地质断层,代替人们勘察无人区内的情况,发现地下的石油、古迹。
②我国宝成铁路自建成以来,长期被滑坡、塌方灾害困扰。长期以来,铁道专家一直找不出内在原因,只能年复一年的在灾害与维修的怪圈中折腾。然而在我国发射的返回式遥感卫星拍摄的照片上清晰的显示出,这条铁路一些地段处于地层的断裂带上,于是铁路部门立即采取了加固地层的措施,才从根本上减少了山体滑坡时事故的发生。
③利用遥感卫星进行国土普查,是人类获取信息的\'另一重要途径。b例如,我国对于青藏高原等人迹罕至、自然条件恶劣之地进行普查,遥感卫星提供的一幅照片的覆盖面积是航空照片的140倍,只需1人用3天时间就可以完成解译判读工作;如用飞机航拍,则需30人用几个月时间;如用人工则需几年。
④我国石油地质队员在对柴达木盆地“伊克雅乌汝”油气构造进行调查时,26人苦战4个月,才测出568个点,以此绘制出五万分之一的地质图;而卫星仅用一张照片就把情况看清,还发现了地面测量中无法发现的断层构造。
⑤我国考古工作者还利用遥感卫星图片,发现了一批古代遗迹。比如内蒙古昭乌达盟附近的一座被黄沙深埋的古城,在遥感卫星照片上被发现,并确认是元朝忽必烈为其女儿鲁国大长公主兴建的应昌古城。
1、本文的说明顺序是 。对本文结构理解正确的一项是
A.①/②③④⑤ B.①②/③④⑤
C.①②③④/⑤ D.①/②③/④⑤
2、理解文中画横线句子所运用的说明方法:
①a句运用的说明方法是 (A、下定义 B、作诠释)
②b句除运用了举例子、列数字外,还运用了什么说明方法?运用这种说明方法有何具体作用?
3、第四段画浪线句子所说明的对象的特征之一是
4、理解第二段中加点词 :
①“一直”不能删掉,这是因为
②“才”的用法是 。
A、表示强调所说的事 B、表示对比之下数量少
C、表示事情发生得晚 D、表示只有在某种情况下然后怎样
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