对任何生物体,健康是一种动态平衡。这是一种平衡的状态:均衡地输入和输出能量和物质(甚至允许生长。健康也意味着有继续生存的期望。对有情感的动物,例如人类,健康有更广的概念。健康与非健康不是绝对的对立面,而是相对的有过度性阶段的状态。世界卫生组织的章程给健康的定义:“健康不仅为疾病或羸弱之消除,而系体格,精神与社会之完全健康状态。”
健康的最核心的,属于医学领域的方面是: 环境健康,营养学, 疾病预防,和公共健康事务。人们可以调查这些方面来帮助评测健康的程度。在一些国家,健康包括在满足更基本的食品,住所,和基本的医疗保障后,对身体状态的管理。很多这类的实践是为了追求幸福,实际上,是致力于控制富裕的副作用。健康观念从19世纪后期在西方国家开始逐渐流行,那时正是中产阶级在工业化的世界开始出现;也从那时开始,一个新兴的繁荣的大众有了时间和资源来追求幸福和其他形式的自我提升。许多早期的消费产品,从玉米片到漱口水,都是从公众对健康日益增长的兴趣中派生出来的。健康可以用科学的测试或者实践来维持,例如检查胆固醇、血压、葡萄糖 等等。
它也包含一些有争议的实践,例如避免某些食物,射入某些维生素或者替代药品。健康的主观性可以用这样的一个假设的例子来说明:某人为了避免食品添加剂而有选择的吃东西来延长寿命,同时根本不顾忌上车开个几百英里。但统计数据表明,开车带来的死亡率或者事故发生率比吃带有添加剂的食品的危险大得多。但是人们认为避免某些食品或者添加物就可以觉得“健康”,而避免开车仅仅觉得是不方便。对健康的追求过程能够以一种安慰剂的效果来提升健康,尽管用到的技术还没有被科学所证实。一些自我感觉良好的人可能减缓心理上的压力,提升自我对健康的感知,达到一种提升了的心理状态。这种状态有一些已经被证实了的,对身体不同系统有益的效果:例如血压,肠胃系统功能,以及免疫反应。
健康来自健康的生活习惯,健康需要有乐观开朗的生活态度。
Smoking is a bad habit that does harm to smoker and others. Many kinds of diseases and cancers are caused by smoking, such as tracheitis, lung cancer and many other diseases. Recent years, there are tens of thousands of people dying of smoking. But there still are many people enjoying smoking, because they think smoking is a kind of fashion and smoking is so cool, especially among teenagers. In addition, smoking does harm to others as well. Second hand smoking has been recognized harmful to other people. Even worse, it may cause more damages. Therefore, people should remember that smoking is harmful to others and those people who smokes should give up smoking as soon as possible.
吸烟是个坏习惯,它对吸烟者和别人都有害。很多疾病和癌症是有吸烟引起的,比如说气管炎,肺癌还有很多其他疾病。近年来,成千上万的人死于吸烟。但是仍然有很多人喜欢吸烟,因为他们认为吸烟是一种时尚,很酷,特别是青少年。另外,吸烟也会对别人有害。二手烟是公认的对别人有害的。更糟糕的是,它会带来更多伤害。因此,人们应该牢记吸烟有害他人,那些吸烟的人应该尽可能戒烟。
I attended Jack's birthday party tonight. After dinner, Jack gave cigarets to our boy students present.
At the important moment, I stop them and told them the bad effects of smoking: firstly Smoking is a waste of money and it's greatly harmful to our health. And it can lead to fires easily. So we should not smoke at all.
But it seemed helpless and they wouldn't listen to me. Somebody even said that body and health belonged to themselves and it's up to them to decide whether to smoke or not. I told him calmly, "Even if you have the right to harm your own body, but it doesn't mean that you have the same right to harm others'."
At last, they agreed with me, and some students said that they would never smoke any longer.
For the next one hour, we danced and sang happily, and nobody did smoke again.I felt very happy that my classmate all understood the harmness of smoking.
我今晚参加了杰克的生日派对。晚饭后,杰克给我们的男同学吸烟。
在重要的时刻,我阻止并告诉他们吸烟的不良影响:首先,吸烟很浪费钱,它对对我们的健康危害很大。它会很容易引起火灾。所以我们不应该吸烟,所以我们不能吸烟。
但很无奈似乎他们不听我的。甚至有人说身体是自己的,这是是否吸烟由他们自己说了算。我平静地说,“即使你有伤害自己身体的权利,但这并不意味着你要伤害别人的权利。”
最后,他们同意我的看法,一些学生说他们不会再抽烟了。
在接下来的一个小时里,我们跳舞,唱歌,没有人吸烟了。我感到非常高兴,我的同学都知道了吸烟的危害。
Dear Mr.
Please accept my resignation as associate chemist at the GERT Institute. I plan to leave my job here on September 30, 19–, taking a few days of annual leave just prior to that effective date. As you know, my primary interest has been in the oil and gas industry. Therefore, I’ve accepted a position with Fury Refining, Inc., that should put me back in touch with my “first love.” Although I’m eager to accept the challenges in this new position, I regret leaving the institute. You and the organization as a whole have treated me very well over the past three years. I won’t forget the friendship and professional growth I’ve experienced as an employee here. Best wishes to all of you for years of expansion here.
Sincerely,
生活总是那么丰富多采,每个人都有每个人的精彩世界。
有的人喜欢热闹,也有的人喜欢宁静。
有的人喜欢众乐乐,也有的人喜欢独乐乐。
比较而言,热闹与宁静,我会选择宁静。独乐与众乐,我会选择众乐乐。可能会有人说,这是两种截然不同、看似矛盾的生活态度。而在我看来,若能在喧喧闹闹中坚守淡然、分享宁静,任凭书信、电话或者网络的一种方式,即可与友人轻轻叩开彼此心灵的窗户,这应当是一种奇妙无比、独且众的乐趣吧。
昨晚接到一个很久未曾联系的兄弟电话,要我去卡拉OK。这小子,就像生为卡拉OK一样,酷爱了这种生活。无论在什么部门工作,也无论是在哪里高就,他都会有很多这样卡拉OK的机会。你说他歌唱得好也就算了,也可以理解。然而,知道他的,都说他是“三大”歌手——嗓门大、胆子大、力气大。某年某次,办公室的兄弟在一起联欢,只见这位兄弟霸着个话筒,腰子不停地扭,放开嗓门下停的喊,硬是足足霸占了一大半的时间。不管什么歌,都是一个调——吼高音。奇怪的是,偏偏是这样的三大歌手,从永州到长沙,到处都有他的市场,都有他威武的所谓歌声。这回刚刚才从基层搞点回来休整二天,他就闲不住。一个劲地跟我说,“过来吧,过来吧。打的是不过二三十元。我也是打的过来的。爽啊!”呵呵,莫说打的要二三十元,就是在家门口,我也绝对不会去。虽然两兄弟多日不见,好久没聊天,也想见见面,侃一侃。可是那种卡OK的场合,实在非我所爱,也确不能免为其难。倒不如在家里,泡一杯清茶,上上网,听听歌,看看书,读读报,岂不更妙哉?
前面说过,热闹与宁静,我喜欢宁静。宁静的美妙难以名状。比如说,在网上与朋友聊聊天啊,可以分享大家一天的心情。再比如说,发现一个好软件,大家可以交流心得。再比如说,看到一则笑话,可以马上拨通远在家乡的妻子电话,与她分享。再或者,累了的时候在电话里头听一听儿子那稚嫩稚嫩的.声音叫“爸爸”。此时此刻,此情此景才是我所需要的。安安静静,简简单单,不是更好吗?
芊芊世界,人的生活方式各不相同,大可不必无端议论谁是谁非谁优谁劣。我所想要的生活,简简单单,自己喜欢,不牵强,不为难,随心所愿,独处时不孤独,群欢时不放纵。如此,甚好!
尊敬的Ben先生(老板的名字:
①Please accept this letter as formal notification that I am leaving my position with XXX company on August 7.
请接受这封辞职信,我将于八月七日正式辞去我在XXX公司的职位。
③Although I have enjoyed my job, I have received an offer for another company that I feel is better suited6 to my career objectives.
虽然很喜欢日前的工作,但我已得到另一家公司提供的'更适合我事业目标的职位。
④Thank you for your kind attention and would appreciate if you could let me have a reference letter before I leave.
感谢您对我的关照,如果您能为我写一封推荐信,我将不胜感激。
⑤I regret having to resign from my position. I wish you and XXX the best of luck and future success.
很遗憾我不得不辞职。祝您和XXX公司好运相伴,未来更加兴旺发达。
⑥If I can be of any assistance during this transition, please let me know.
如果在工作交接期有需要我做的事情,请通知我。
Sincerely/Fortunately,
真诚的
(your full name
(你的全名
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