Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先,提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段:提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段:正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段:摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次,提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性,连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity:段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛,也不可太具体,做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明,另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence:关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰,层层展开。
完整性(completeness:以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头,这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次,提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型:It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单,注意练习并接句的使用,会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as,如:
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头,句式简单,我们可以通过把since提前改变句式,如:
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后,提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法:millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论,辩论”的意思,而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.,相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略:使用最近所学的单词,如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后,我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文,以供参考:
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
万吨。其中“快速时尚”趋势对纺织品生产和消费激增起了推波助澜的作用。衣服便宜了,消费者穿过几次就丢掉。但便宜衣服通常以人造材料制成,它们由石油化工原料合成,在这一过程中消耗的能源和排放的温室气体远远超过天然织物。
此外,“快速时尚”还带来了另一个环境成本:清洗这些衣物所消耗的能量。而对于一个家庭而言,每洗一次衣服会间接排放2公斤二氧化碳。
食,少吃牛肉少喝咖啡。联合国粮农组织的数据显示,18%的温室气体排放来自于肉类排气。而在肉类消费中,牛产生的温室气体又是最多的',每生产1公斤牛肉相当于向大气排放3.6—6.8公斤二氧化碳。但在“食”这个话题中,不吃或少吃肉并非减排的全部。《新科学家》说,要尽量减少碳排放,很多欧洲人的生活习惯需要改变。以咖啡为例,每制造一杯过滤式黑咖啡,就会排放125克二氧化碳,其中2/3来自于生产过程,其余来自酿造。
住,盖节能房用再生纸。在寒冷的冬季,建筑取暖系统无疑将消耗大量能源。据英国广播公司报道,未来3年北爱尔兰将建造50多套社会福利房,它们的节能效率超出平均水平75%。在“住”的领域要减少碳排放,不仅包括房屋设计,房间里的各种设备也同样重要。例如冬季时将空调温度调低2度,夏季调高2度,每年能减少二氧化碳排放量900公斤;把家中常使用的灯换成节能灯,每年能少排放二氧化碳136公斤:甚至连卫生纸也有讲究,《新科学家》提倡用100%再生纸做的卫生纸,“尽管它用起来没那么舒服,但每吨再生纤维可减少1.5~2吨的二氧化碳排放。”
行,绿色交通和碳足迹。二氧化碳的另一大来源是交通。在欧洲,交通对能源消耗占到整体能源消耗量的20%~30%。减少出行带来的碳排放,第一步就是尽量选择公共交通。美国公共交通联合会称,公共交通每年节省近53亿升天然气,这意味着能减少150万吨二氧化碳排放量。
11.一方面,全世界目前每年向大气中排入50多亿吨二氧化碳;另一方面,森林被大量砍伐,大气中本应为绿色植物吸收的二氧化碳没有被吸收,过多的二氧化碳就像一层厚厚的玻璃遮在地球上空,使得地球变成了一个大暖房。(本小题2分,答出一点给1分,意思对即可给分。)
12.利用生物技术大量培养浮游生物,用细菌和藻等微生物固定二氧化碳;用现代的技术将空气中的二氧化碳分离、回收、液化,把二氧化碳储存起来;将二氧化碳变成一氧化碳。(本小题3分,答出一点给1分,意思对即可给分。)
13.(1这一点是指将二氧化碳变成一氧化碳。(本小题2分)
(2例举法国化学家把二氧化碳变成一氧化碳的例子,是为了说明应用这项技术获得一氧化碳的成本太高,只是在理论上有价值,不能进入实际应用,要想把二氧化碳变成一氧化碳还需努力。(本小题2分,意思对即可给分。)
14.围绕二氧化碳有利这一方面发表自己的看法。(本题3分,言之成理即可给分。)
可是目前,我们却臭名昭着。不用看新闻,大家都知道我们二氧化碳逐渐增加,空气的污染程度也是越来越大。人类开始谈碳色变了。可是这能怪我们吗?
聪明的人类为了自己眼前的利益,大量的建造高楼大厦,建造公共设施,为此他们大量砍伐树木,破坏绿色植被,要知道绿色植物对我们二氧化碳很不利,是我们的天敌。可是人类可不管这些,他们不停的砍伐树木。原来被我们称为“死亡之地”的——亚马孙热带雨林。现在听说要建什么公路,哈哈!我们的敌人树木啊!又要死亡一大片,我真替他们感到悲哀。现在无论你在哪里,到处都有我们兄弟的存在,像什么工厂,垃圾场,大街,火车,汽车都成了我们儿女的出生地。使得我们二氧化碳的数量急剧增加,这都要感谢人们给予我们的巨大帮助啊!
由于我们的家族越来越庞大,我们开始无孔不入,我们家族聚集在一起,造成了温室效应,全球开始升温,极端气候越来越普遍;我们还能使海洋变酸,嘿嘿,这点,你可能听都没听说过吧,海洋食物链将遭到我们的致命一击;对了,我们最最厉害的***手锏是污染空气,如果我们聚众作乱,人类轻则影响健康,重则呼吸困难甚至衰竭呢!!
这一切的`一切,使得近年来我们名声扫地,但是这又能全怪我们吗?
鉴于我们二氧化碳家族越来越兴盛的大好局面,我们召开了几次“全球二氧化碳代表大会”的研讨,我们一致认为原本高智商的人,现在却变得非常愚蠢,照这样的速度发展下去,我们二氧化碳家族必将统治全球,到那时……哈哈,人类会因为缺氧而一个接一个的死去,这个世界将属于我们,想想都叫人高兴哇!
但愿人类最好就这样一直不觉悟。照这样看来,我们二氧化碳的未来一片光明。
To see a world in a grain of sand,
And a heaven in a wild flower,
Hold infinity in the palm of your hand,
And eternity in an hour.
一沙一世界,
一花一天堂,
手中即无限,
永恒亦短暂。
to prevent H7N9 we should know some common sense. First of all, it is important for us to prevent H7N9 from ourselves. For example, clean our hands frequently.
Sencondly, do more exercises. Such as running. Lastly, change our diet to keep balence. For example, eat more types of vegetables and drink more water
Expert tips on how to prevent avian influenza H7N9 collated by current argument data dictionary
1.平时加强体育锻炼,多休息,避免过度劳累,不吸烟,勤洗手;注意个人卫生,打喷嚏或咳嗽时掩住口鼻。
1 usually strengthen physical exercise, rest more, avoid excessive overworked, do not smoke, wash their hands; pay attention to personal hygiene, when sneezing or coughing and cover your nose and mouth.
2.保持室内清洁,使用消毒液清洗的地毯,避免使用难以清洗的地毯,保持地面、天花板、家具及墙壁清洁,确保排水道通畅;保持室内空气流通,应每天开窗换气两次,每次至少10分钟,或使用抽气扇保持空气流通;尽量少去 空气不流通的场所。
2 keep the room clean, use disinfectant cleaning carpets, avoid the use of hard to clean the carpet, keep the floor, ceiling, furniture and walls clean, to ensure smooth drainage channel; maintains the indoor air circulation, ventilation windows should be at least two times a day, 10 minutes each time, or use a fan to keep air circulation; as little as possible to airless places.
3.注意饮食卫生,进食禽肉、蛋类要彻底煮熟,加工、保存食物时要注意生、熟分开;养成良好的卫生习惯,搞好厨房卫生,不生食禽肉和内脏。解剖活(死家禽、家畜及其制品后要彻底洗手。
3, pay attention to food hygiene, eating meat, eggs should be thoroughly cooked, processing, preservation of food to the attention of raw, cooked separately; develop good health habits, good kitchen hygiene, do not eat raw poultry meat and offal. Anatomy of living (dead to wash hands thoroughly, livestock and poultry products.
同时,在户外洗手不方便的时候,可以使用免洗洗手液,随身携带,随时随地隔离病菌,呵护您的健康。
At the same time, when the outdoor hand-washing is not convenient, can use hand sanitizer, carry whenever and wherever possible, isolate the pathogen, take care of your health.
4.发现疫情时,应尽量避免与禽类接触;公众特别是儿童应避免密切接触家禽和野禽。
4 found in the epidemic, should avoid contact with poultry; the public especially children should avoid close contact with poultry and wild birds.
5.注意生活用具的消毒处理。禽流感病毒不耐热,100°C下一分钟即可灭活。对干燥、紫外线照射、汞、氯等常用消毒药都很敏感。
5 pay attention to disinfection and living appliances. Avian influenza viruses do not heat, 100 ° C, one minute can be inact
How to prevent the H7N9?
As is well known,the A flu is spreading throught our country. However, if we negnect it, the deadly H7N9 may cause more infectors,or even more deaths. So what is the most important is that we should take some effective measures to prevent it.They can be listed as follows.
Firstly,it is necessary for you to realize the Avian flu can be prevented if you develop good living habits. For example,you shouldn’t forget to wash your hands before meals.Besides,don’t spit everywhere and try to cover your mouth or nose with paper or hankerchiefs when you have to cough or sneeze.What’s more, remember to wear the mouth-cover if you have to go to the public places, such as the crowded cinemas,supermarkets, buses,where the A flu may spread easily.
Secondly,of course, taking exercise more often and taking good sleep to build your body are wise choices for you to reduce the risk of being infected.
Last but not the least, if you are unlucky to be infected with the slight flu cold, try to stay at home,and take some medicine. Do pay attention to your daily body temperature. If you have a high fever, go to the hospital without delay for further treatment. Make sure you are not expected to come back to school before the cold or flu is cured.
Only by doing like this can you prevent or defeat the A flu in the end.
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