《notre dame cathedral》 is one known far and wide romantic faction strength which victor hugo writes . i take advantage of this summer vacation free time, read this great work.
notre dame cathedral's story, actually was one at that time social epic poem, since brimmed with really. friendly. beautiful, also the flow selfish desire and is false. regardless of is good beautiful asmelada ,or has the ugly semblance, cacimodo with one pure mind, they represent the great amount the lower level populace which suppresses; perhaps is sinister coloud, he is appears by the theocracy face, all load bearing one kind of author's ponder.the author in this work, for with the clown, was beautifully friendly and wickedly does the best annotation, or take above three people as the example, the rebel asmelada has the beautiful semblance and the chaste good mind, as well as pitiful destiny, but cacimodo, he withstood destiny deceive nicely, the innermost feelings is his misery is graver, but coloud maintained the benighted social rights and interests, he had brutally. void mind and evil passion. good person physique hateful, but the evil person actually says the appearance shore however, bright set off, social unfair manifest.
but the article result also is when the opposition society until criticism: all beautiful is good all swallows by the might and the evil, the lower level people's weak strength in under the king power rule, in the benighted society, only can be reduced to ashes. was palatial notre dame cathedral, how many world tragedy testimony once, in hugo the novel, he as if had the life breath, he sheltered asmelada ,exposed coloud the crime, regret the populace attack the magnificent feat which dark actually heroically devoted...
another the question which is worth pondering is: who is the hero? asmelada or cacimodo? i think all is not, but is in the article by the louis 11 rank smell of blood suppression rather for sacreficed the populace gate, asmelada with cacimodo is not in them the representative, asmelada is loves with the beautiful symbol, cacimodo not many represents is unfortunate and the pain. but they, all suffer a tragic middle ages ignorant evil forces devastate, one each one painful soul is bleeding, flows the tear. merely is notre dame cathedral's above engraves " the destiny "? they are in middle ages france, despotism sacrificial victim.
the entire story rich tragic color, the plot intense is moving, exciting. author hugo through " notre dame cathedral " this story, but also disclosed at that time the dark society's essence to the people. this fascinating story likes that ccimodo clocks sound equally shocks several generation of readers' minds.
如果一封信写完了,突然又想起遗漏的事情,这时用p.s.表示,再写上遗漏的话即可,要长话短说。通常在信末签名下面几行的左方,应于正文齐头。
注意:在正式的信函中,应避免使用附言。
自1981年对外汉语专业招收了第一批本科学生后,过去的近40年间,全国陆续开设了对外汉语专业。截止2016年,全国已有近400所院校开设了汉语国际教育专业(2013年起,原对外汉语专业更名为汉语国际教育专业)。随着中国政经体不断发展以及中国国力不断强盛,“汉语热”已经成为了新时代的一个潮流,学习汉语的人数在海内外激增,一定程度上使得学习汉语国际教育的学生人数不断攀升,而学位论文是学生四年系统学习后,对个人学术能力,研究能力的总结。可见,学位论文对于汉语学习的重要意义。
笔者认为,该校存在的一些问题不只是个案,而是当今高校汉语国际教育专业毕业生论文的一种常态,也极有可能变为一种趋势。为了使高校规避掉这种“不良”之风,笔者建议从以下几个方面着手,进行改革。
(1)加强教风、学风建设。“汉语热”带来了对外汉语专业热,也带来了从事对外汉语教学人员的春天,但是,刘珣曾表示,并不是中国人就可以胜任对外汉语教师一职,也不是读了该专业,就可以毫无疑问地进入该领域进行教学(刘珣,2003)。笔者认为,更为重要的是,我们应该秉承严谨治学、严进严出的教风来影响学生,使汉语国际教育专业的学生清醒地认识到,汉语国际教育并不是随便什么人都可以做的,特别是对于本科汉语国际教育专业的学生,更是如此。近些年来,很多学者担忧汉语国际教育专业毕业生的出路问题,纷纷指出,太多跨专业的学生考取汉硕,一定程度上的确对本科汉语国际教育的学生产生了影响,加大了该行业的竞争性(李晨阳,2016),那么保持汉语国际教育本科学生的竞争力就是该学科教育的重点之一。
(2)开设论文研读与写作课程。据笔者了解,该校并无专业论文研读或写作类课程。仅在论文开题前,也就是大四有一节课,且只有90分钟的时间用来介绍毕业论文的情况,主要涉及的是学校对论文的要求以及行政操作方面的内容,与学术阅读、专业论文写作并无关联。而这样的情况不仅存在于笔者调查的该所高校中,事实上在国内开设汉语国际教育专业的高校中,笔者并未找到开设关于专业论文研读、写作类课程的学校,这是令人遗憾的。我们不应只是责备学生们的学位论文选题不合乎专业标准,责备其论文质量参差不齐,而应该重新审视我们的课程制定有无出现任何纰漏。
(3)加强毕业学位论文的指导与规范。在笔者调查的该校2016级汉语国际教育专业的82篇论文中,有高达19%的论文与专业完全无关,甚至出现电视剧调查、微博使用调查等这些令人匪夷所思的论文主题。笔者了解到,该专业对论文写作的要求较为严谨,至少在行政操作层面,毕业生的学位论文经过了开题报告、论文答辩、论文修改、论文重复率查找等阶段。这样的要求在外界看来,已经算做是比较规范的做法,但是仍然出现了上述几类论文题目,这让笔者深感疑惑。如果此类题目在论文开题报告时,教师没有给予质疑与修改建议,那么至少在论文指导阶段,学生的论文指导教师应该予以批评,建议学生换题。即便指导教师没有予以批评,那么这样典型不合标准的论文是如何通过最后的学位论文答辩的呢?因此笔者建议,应该加强对毕业生学位论文指导教师的教育,使指导教师意识到毕业论文不是走形式,而应该对学生的论文予以真正意义上的指导,同时规范学生的论文写作,这包括选题、写作、修改、学术态度等诸多方面的问题。
总之,学位论文体现的不仅是学生几年的学习情况,也反映了学生与其论文指导教师的治学态度。若想跻身世界一流大学,高校应该对学位论文的撰写予以高度重视。唯有这样,才会建设出真正意义上的高水平、应用型、复合式的国际化大学。
其中在一般的社交信中,信内收信人的地址通常省略,但是在公务信函中不能。将收信人的姓名、地址等写在信头日期下方的左角上,要求与对信头的要求一样,不必再写日期。例如:
yesterday i read a book the name of the book is《dr bethune》.
dr bethune was a famous doctor from canada. in 1938 he came to china. at that time china was at war with japan. he worked as a doctor in the chinese army and saved many soldiers’ lives. he worked very hard and became sick. dr bethune died in 1939. he was only 49 years old. he was a good man and we remember him today.
i think the book is very very good!
written by wu qingxiang
mar. 31
how to do research
——reading after a science paper
these days i am busy preparing my dissertation which is about web usage mining . i read some english papers and learnt much from them . and now i want to say something about a paper titled “web usage mining:discovery and applications of usage patterns from web data”.
this is the first english paper i read about dissertation and gave me great help .
this paper is a review about web usage mining. it introduced web usage mining in detail . although it is a little old for it was published in its contents are very useful today . it is organized according to the sequence of web usage mining and the six main parts are introduction which tells me what is web usage mining the sources and abstraction of web data the three steps of web usage mining taxonomy and project survey websift overview privacy issues . the third and fourth parts are most important . it had a list of existing project about web usage mining which i saw many times in other papers but this paper is the one creating this list . besides it has been referred for more then twenty times . as we all know that the higher the referred number is the more important the paper is so i consider this paper to be an important and successful one in this region.
in my opinion the success of this paper dues to three reasons . the first reason is the profound computer knowledge owned by the authors . web usage mining relates to many subjects such as artificial intelligence ontology semantic analysis but the most basic knowledge is computer science . the four authors are all professors of department of computer science and engineering in university of minnesota . for myself i am not major in computer science and i am not very good at computers so i feel a little difficult to understand technologies used in this region.
second they had read a large number of papers before they wrote this paper . there are fifty nine references listed after main contents . “stand on the shoulders of giants” this sentence tell us a truth : one can never successful all by oneself . and what’s more learn from others can save a lot of time and energy especially for us new learner . how to learn from others is a skill all of us should master but learning doesn’t mean copy or plagiary . other people’s knowledge and production is just our foundation upon this foundation we must have our own thoughts and creation. there are many remarks in this paper where referred other’s production.
third the authors had the experience of developing a web usage mining project . they don’t just engage in idle theorizing so their comprehension on this issue is greatly profound. they know what we may meet in a real project development and they know how to resolve them . after reading this paper i also read some other papers written in chinese . some of them are not based on real project and can not give useful resolution . websift is the name of system they developed which can be used to data mining and analysis .
i wrote this article not only because it gave me much help in preparing my dissertation but also because it tells me how to study and how to do research . honesty and preciseness are two essential making a researcher must have . hard-working is the necessary condition leading to success . this is just the beginning of my dissertation i should learn from these four authors both their knowledge and their attitude to study.
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