As is often read in the newspaper reports, wild life especially the rare species is threatened with extinction. Human beings are making attempts to hunt wild animals for a big profit., which, of course, results in a sharp decrease in the number of animals. So it is high time for us to take quick action to protect them. First of all, it's quite necessary for every citizen to realize the importance of animal protection. Only by knowing its importance can people develop a sense of responsibility. People will surely take it for granted to have the duty to prevent any killing of wild animals. So a national publicity campaign should be launched, thus giving animals a good living environment. In addition, the government should pass some laws to forbid any hunting of rare animals. We don't expect anything harmful to wild life to happen again.
If everyone is involved in the protection of wild life, we're sure man will be a
* 老虎是国家保护动物,目前数量日趋减少,只有四百只左右;
* 其原因是有人为了赚钱,滥捕滥***;森林的大量砍伐,破坏了老虎生存的环境;
* 呼吁国家采取措施,制定法律,保护老虎,惩罚捕猎者;
* 希望大家一起努力,创造一个人类和动物共存的幸福家园。
第一篇
Dear editors of English Weekly,
Now I want to tell you something about wild animals。There are a lot of wild animals living on the same earth with us。They are our friends and neighbors。However,some of them are dying out everyday because of the damages we humans have been doing to the environment。And the situation is still going worse and worse。For one thing,someone killed the tigers and sold their skins to make money。They must be punished。I think we should all be responsible for that and realize that it is our everyone's duty to protect the wild animals。They have their right to live just as our human beings。We should treat them with love and care,respect the law of nature and share the same land with them!Let try our best to make a happy home for human beings and animals。
Yours,
XXX
第二篇
As is often read in the newspaper reports, wild life especially the rare species is threatened with extinction。 Human beings are XXX attempts to hunt wild animals for a big profit。, which, of course, results in a sharp decrease in the number of animals。 So it is high time for us to take quick action to protect them。 First of all, it's quite necessary for every citizen to realize the importance of animal protection。 Only by knowing its importance can people develop a sense of responsibility。 People will surely take it for granted to have the duty to prevent any killing of wild animals。 So a national publicity campaign should be launched, thus giving animals a good living environment。 In addition, the government should pass some laws to forbid any hunting of rare animals。 We don't expect anything harmful to wild life to happen again。
If everyone is involved in the protection of wild life, we're sure man will be a good friend of animals rather than their enemy。
关于是人体运动的枢纽,由于创伤或病变,可能变得僵硬、强直、出现疼痛症状,甚至无法活动。因而医生常进行“以旧换新”,将“废旧”关节切除,安上人造新关节。
给机器更换零部件,通过螺钉或焊接就可以做到。而人体关节是具有活力的器官,换上的人工关节,无论材料是金属、陶瓷或塑料,均为无活力的假体。如何以死代生,“弄假成真”,将两者牢固连接,并保持日久天长也不松动,就要动一番脑筋了。就像瓦工砌墙须用水泥粘结、勾缝,木工家具要用榫头和乳胶一样,医生想到发明一种特殊材料,专门用来固定人工关节。
经过多年研究,骨水泥在20年纪60年代初问世。骨水泥由白色粉末和无色带刺激气味的液体两部分制剂组成。使用时,只要按一定比例,将它们倒在一起调和,即可在室温下发生聚合反应。开始像砂浆,进而如同稀粥,接着变成面团一样,可以揉捏、挤压成任意形状,最后逐步固化,整个过程只有十几分钟。医生在其硬化前,将它置于准备更换关节的部位,随即安上人工关节。等到反应结束,局部温度稍微升高,摸上去有些发烫。此时,与优质建筑水泥同样坚固的骨水泥便成功地将人工关节与人体骨骼镶嵌,并牢牢地固定了。手术后经过短期康复,换上的关节即可发挥作用。这种固定相当牢靠,可保持十几年,乃至二十几年。
骨水泥作为人工关节手术的配套材料,它的出现被看作是人工关节发展史上的重要里程碑。它大大促进了人工关节手术的广泛开展,提高了治疗效果,帮助数以百万计的病人解除痛苦。
骨水泥除了用于固定人工关节外,在其他骨科疾病的治疗方面与卓尔不群。如良性骨肿瘤此起的骨质缺损,可用骨水泥填充。骨骼恶性肿瘤,发生病理骨折,可去除肿痛组织后,用骨水泥加钢针进行内部固定,以减轻病人痛苦,提高生存质量。有些伴有皮肤损饬的严重骨折,复位困难,又不好固定,可经皮肤打入多根粗钢针,进行复位,然后将皮肤粗钢针尾部相互连接,此时用骨水泥固定,既快又牢,十分方便。当然,骨水泥也有一些缺点,如填充时偶尔可引起骨髓腔内高压,致使脂肪滴进入血管,引起栓塞。另外,它毕竟与人体骨骼不同,时间过久,人工关节仍可能发生松动。
为了克服骨水泥的缺点,医生与工程技术人员合作,正从多方面加以改进提高。如采用专门的骨水泥枪进行填充,放置减压管,可以减少并发症,且更为安全。再如在骨水泥加入适当比例的'骨粒,日后骨粒吸收,人体骨骼组织即慢慢长入骨水泥内部,可达到自身固定的目的,不易松动。相信随着科学技术的不断发展,骨长泥更将受到医学界的青睐。
1、下列对“骨水泥”理解不准确的一项是
A.骨水泥不是骨骼粉碎加工制成的水泥,也不是制成骨骼的水泥材料,而是一种用于骨科手术的医用配套材料。
B.骨水泥的物理性质以及凝固后外观和形状颇像建筑、装修用的白水泥,所以便有了如此通俗的名称。
C.骨水泥的正名是骨粘固剂或骨固着剂,主要用来固定人工关节,并保持长久不松动。
D.骨水泥主要成分是聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯,主要用于人工关节置换手术。
2、下列对骨水泥在人工关节置换手术中的使用说明正确的一项是 ( )
A.使用时,将组成骨水泥的白色粉末和无色带刺激气味的液体两部分制剂倒在一起调和,使它们在室温下发生聚合反应。
B.在聚合反应中,骨水泥开始像稀粥,进而如同砂浆,接着变成面团一样,可以揉捏、挤压成任意形状,最后逐步固化。
C.骨水泥固体后,医生净将它置于准备更换关节的部位,随即安上工人关节。
D.等到聚合反应结束,局部温度微升高,摸上去有些发烫。这时坚固的骨水泥便成功地将人工关节与人体骨骼镶嵌,并牢牢地固定了。
3、下列有关“骨水泥治疗”的内容,解说不正确的一项是 ( )
A.骨水泥大大促进了人工关节手术的广泛开展,提高了治疗效果,帮助数以百万计的病人解除了痛苦。因此,骨水泥的出现被看作是人工关节发展史上的重要里程碑。
B.骨水泥除了用于固定人工关节外,在其他骨科疾病的治疗方面也很出色。如良性骨肿瘤引起的骨质缺损,可用骨水泥填充。
C.有些伴有皮肤损伤的严重骨折,复位困难,又不好固定,可经皮肤打入多根粗钢针,进行复位,然后将皮肤粗钢针尾部相互连接,此时用骨水泥固定,既快又牢,十分方便。
D.骨水泥也有一些缺点,如填充时就会引起骨髓腔内高压,致使脂肪滴进入血管,引起栓塞。
4、根据原材料所提供的信息,下列推断不正确的一项是 ( )
A.骨水泥的发展,从某种程度说,是医生受了“瓦工砌墙须用水泥粘结、勾缝,木工做家具要用榫头和乳胶”等事实的启发的结果。
B.置换上的人工关节,无论材料是金属、陶瓷,还是塑料,骨水泥都能将它与人体骨骼牢固连接。
C.骨水泥毕竟与人体骨骼不同,时间过久,人工关节仍可能发生松动。但是如果在骨水泥中加入适当比例的骨粒,日后骨粒吸收,人体骨骼组织即慢慢长入骨水泥内部,可达到自身固定的目的,就不会再松动。
D.随着科学技术的不断发展,骨水泥带来的并发症会越来越少,骨水泥的使用会越来越安全,从而达到更好地造福病人的目的。
参考答案:
1.B(应为“骨水泥的部分物理性质……”。
2.D(A项要加“按一定比例调和”,B项“骨水泥开始像砂浆,进而如同稀粥”,C项应为“固化前”。)
3.D(应为“填充时偶尔引起骨髓腔内高压”)。
4.C(应为“加入骨粒后,人工关节就不易松动”)。
Dear editors of English Weekly,
Now I want to tell you something about wild animals.There are a lot of wild animals living on the same earth with us.They are our friends and neighbors.However,some of them are dying out everyday because of the damages we humans have been doing to the environment.And the situation is still going worse and worse.For one thing,someone killed the tigers and sold their skins to make money.They must be punished.I think we should all be responsible for that and realize that it is our everyone‘s duty to protect the wild animals.They have their right to live just as our human beings.We should treat them with love and care,respect the law of nature and share the same land with them!Let try our best to make a happy home for human beings and animals.
Yours,
***
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