这本书花了我300元。
I spent 300 yuan on the book.
I paid 300 yuan for the book.
The price of the book is 300 yuan.
It cost me 300 yuan to buy the book.
我不懂什么英语,李明也不懂。
I don’t know any English, nor does Li Ming.
I hardly know any English, nor does Li Ming.
I hardly know any English, neither does Li Ming.
I hardly know any English, no more does Li Ming.
I hardly know any English, so it is with Li Ming.
I know no more English than Li Ming does.
I know as little English as Li Ming does.
一到家,我就把所见到的一切都记了下来。
On/Upon arriving home, I wrote down everything I had seen.
As soon as I arrived home, I wrote down everything I had seen.
The moment I arrived home, I wrote down everything I had seen.
本文格式正确,意思表述完整,行文流畅自然。作者在写作过程中注意长短句并用,还使用了以‘which,’引导的非限定性定语从句,从而使文章层次分明,富于变化,不愧为考场佳作。
Dear Headmaster,
I am very glad to write to you. These days we are talking about how to make our school more beautiful. Here are some of my suggestions.
First, a library with a lot of interesting books in it should be built, so that we can read in our spare time every day. Second, we expect our own dancing hall and piano room. Many of us like dancing, and some are even good at playing the piano. Third, we dream of having a playing-field with many flowers and green trees around. We can exercise there every day to make our body strong. Finally, I suggest teachers in our school organize more colorful after-class activities for students.
In a word, I hope our school will attract more visitors and I wish her a good future.
Thanks for your reading!
Yours sincerely,
Liu Yu
Dear Mr. President,
My name is Li Ming, a sophomore majoring in International Trade. Having learned and lived on campus for nearly two years, I have found university life most exciting and instructive.
What happens around me every day has left a deep impression on me, but what strikes me most is the canteen service on campus, so that for some time I have had the keen desire to write to you, sharing with you my positive comments on and negative feelings about it. On the one hand, we are happy to see that the canteen staff has been sparing no efforts to guarantee food quality. As a result, we are relieved from the anxiety that some food might be dirty, stale and inedible. We also feel contented with the service provided by the canteen, enjoying food in a homely atmosphere. On the other hand, improvements should be made for the simple reason that prices for dishes are unreasonably high, and that the canteen is not spacious enough and too noisy at times.
Therefore, to improve the overall service of the canteen the strengths should be encouraged, while the weaknesses ought to be overcome by lowering prices and expanding the canteen if possible.
第一种:总分式(最常见的全文结构,也称“总分总式”
论说文的全文总体结构一般都是这种结构模式。在论说文的写作中,往往围绕文章的中心论点或议论的中心问题,展开层次,逐一阐述,最后得出结论,要遵循由“是什么”到“为什么”再到“怎么办”,即我们常说的“提出问题”、“分析问题”、“解决问题”这样一个过程。这种全文的论证过程是由人们认识事物时思维的自然过程决定的,不是人们主观赋予或规定的。
论证方法,一般都要在中心论点的统率下,确立几个从属于中心论点的、即为阐述中心论点服务的分论点,然后通过对分论点的逐一阐述,使中心论点得到深刻有力的证明。
因而论说文全文结构,往往是“总—分—总”式。
同样是议论文,有的侧重理证,有的侧重例证;有的横式并列论证,有的纵向深入论证;有的一事一议,有的借题发挥,有的比喻论证。
【例文借鉴】
第二种:并列式(比较常见的论证结构
并列式,也叫“横式”,也叫排比论证。它常用于议论文的论证部分,其特点是,论证的层次作横向展开,分论点之间的关系是并列的,也就是分论点从不同的角度、不同的侧面对中心论点或论述的中心问题展开论证,使文章呈现出一种多管齐下、齐头并进的格局。并列式的各个分论点,其先后次序有时是可以前后互换的;它们看起来是各自独立的,其实是紧密相关、不可分割的一个整体。
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