(一)图像的解释
图像通常指image,icon,picture和它们的衍生词。在人类文明的历史上,图像先于文字产生,象形文字就是从图形变化来的,先有图再有字。自然界是人所面对的对象,图像是对自然的模仿,也是人类认识自然的方式。文字是图像的抽象化,是人类认识自然和交流信息的高级形态。人类对图像的接受是一种视觉的***和饥渴,通过图像来识别很多东西,同时也可满足自己的一种审美要求。
图像输入策略是用来激励学习者学习语言的兴趣的,而兴趣又是基于理解之上的。否则,学习者的学习动机就不会被激发,从而导致对自己缺乏自信,甚至产生焦灼感。因此,教师在输入时,要尽可能选择学习者感兴趣的并能使他们自然灵活掌握的策进行图像输入,指有助于学生感性地理解语言材料的各种工具和方法,包括直观教具(用于课堂教学的视觉形象材料,如黑板、道具、实物等)和电化教学设备(利用光、聲、电原理设计的各种现代化视听工具,如幻灯、图影、录音机、录像机等)。这两类直观手段都能摆脱课堂教学时空的束缚,将各种生活情景生动活泼地展现在学生眼前,从而有利于学生感知和思维。它能提供大量真实逼真的语言交际情景,使教师传递的语言信息更具形象性、层次性、连贯性和逻辑性,有助于学生按逻辑顺序思维,加速对外语信息的理解和吸收;有助于学生对外语材料的感知、理解、吸收和内化,有助于强化学生的注意力,引导学生对知识的整理和归纳。学生在此状态下,兴趣浓,积极主动性高,注意力集中,思维敏捷,想象活跃,加速了语言输入的过程。
(二)创设运用语言情景
图像输入主要是用来创设情景的。学生在特定的情境中,其主动参与意识会更强。通过创设情景,学生一开始就进入口语合作的氛围,激发学生说话的兴趣,给学生提供语言交流的平台,使学生在情景中运用课文的套句、语汇,两人或多人一组进行表演。教师要将情景与日常生活结合起来,努力给学生创造一个心理自由和心理安全的环境,让他们抛开害羞、怯懦等不良情绪,积极主动地参与,充满隋感地倾诉。成功的外语课堂教学应在课内创设更多情景,让学生有机会运用自己所学的语言材料。那么如何创设语言情景呢?扩充教学手段,丰富课堂内容,提供学习示范是关键。可利用多种手段或媒体,如挂图、投影图片、录像、声音模拟等图像输入来创设语言情景。学生置身于这种情景之中,在教师的启发下便会情不自禁地想用所学的语言来表达自己的感受、看法、设想或者是疑问。这种疑问可以是关于语言情景方面的,也可以是关于语言表达遇到的各种障碍,或者是自己创设的由感而知的与主题有关的感受及设想,由此与主题相关的诸多内容也逐渐地丰富起来,学生应尽可能全面地用语言倾诉出来。
Lion was awakened from sleep by a Mouse running over his face. Rising up in anger, he caught him and was about to kill him, when the Mouse piteously entreated, saying: "If you would only spare my life, I would be sure to repay your kindness." The Lion laughed and let him go.
It happened shortly after this that the Lion was caught by some hunters, who bound him by strong ropes to the ground. The Mouse, recognizing his roar, came up, and gnawed the rope with his teeth, and setting him free, exclaimed: "You ridiculed the idea of my ever being able to help you, not expecting to receive from me any repayment of your favour; but now you know that it is possible for even a Mouse to confer benefits on a Lion."
一只老鼠从一只狮子面前跑过去,将它从梦中吵醒。狮子生气地跳起来,捉住老鼠,要弄死它。老鼠哀求说:「只要你肯饶恕我这条小生命,我将来一定会报答你的大恩。」狮子便笑着放了它。
后来狮子被几个猎人捉住,用粗绳捆绑倒在地上。老鼠听出是狮子的`吼声,走来用牙齿咬断绳索,释放了它,并大声说:「你当时嘲笑我想帮你的忙,而且也不指望我有什么机会报答。但是你现在知道了,就算是小老鼠,也能向狮子效劳的。」
An ant is walking by the river. He looks at the river and says to himself, "How nice and cool this water looks! I must drink some of it." But when he is drinking, he slips into the river.
"Oh.Help!Help!" The ant cries,
A dove is sitting in the tree. She hears him and throws him a leaf, "Climb up that leaf," she says "and you will float bank."
The ant climbs uo onto the leaf, and the wind blows the leaf to the bank. And the ant is saved.
"Thank you, Dove. You're so kind," The ant says and runs home, "You have saved my life, and I wish I could do something for you, Goodbye!"
"Goodbye!" says the dove, "Be careful. Not to fall into the river again."
After a few days, the dove is building her nest. And a man is raising his gun to shoot her.
The ant sees this, and runs quickly to bite the man's leg. "Ouch! Ouch!" The man feels pained and drops his gun. The dove hears and flies away. So the man picks up his gun and leave.
The dove comes to her nest. "Thank you, my little friend," she says, "You have saved my life."
The little ant is so glad, because he can help the dove.
一只蚂蚁在河边散步。他看见喝水自言自语道:"这河水看上去真清凉啊!我要去喝点。"可是他在喝水的时候,一不小心滑进河里了。
"啊!救命!救命!'蚂蚁叫喊着。
一只鸽子正呆在树上,听见呼救声,就扔给他一片树叶。"快爬到树叶上去。她说:"你会漂到岸上的。"
"谢谢你,鸽子。你真善良。"蚂蚁一边说一边向家跑,"你救了我的命,我会报答你的。再见!"
"再见!小心别掉进河里了。"鸽子说。
几天后,鸽子正在筑巢,一个人举着枪要打鸽子。蚂蚁看见了,迅速地跑过去,在那个人的腿上咬了一口。"啊呀!哎呀!"那个人疼得扔掉枪。鸽子听见了,连忙飞走了。那个人只好捡起枪,走了。
鸽子又飞回巢里。"谢谢你,我的小朋友。"鸽子说,"你救了我的.命。"
小蚂蚁可高兴了,因为他也帮助了鸽子。
寓意:有些朋友也许平时看似微不足道,但却有可能在我们身处困难的时候提供巨大的帮助。
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